Work-related factors among people with diabetes and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review

Abstract

Background Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This systematic review aims to explore the work‐related factors among people with diabetes in developing CVD. Methods Four electronic databases were searched on 1 February 2021 using a comprehensive search strategy without any time restriction. Two independent researchers screened the articles and extracted data. The risk of bias was assessed independently using the risk of bias assessment tool for non‐randomized studies (RoBANS). A narrative synthesis was conducted considering the heterogeneity of the included articles. Results A total of five articles incorporating 4 409 810 participants from three geographic regions were included that highlights the research gap. As per the included studies, Occupational drivers with diabetes were at a higher risk of CVD in comparison to the nondrivers, workers with diabetes having a long working hour were at a higher risk of CVD mortality, workers with a lower occupational status were at a higher risk of 10‐years stroke risk, and occupational physical activity and occupational commuting lowered the risk of CVD deaths. Conclusions This systematic review summarized the available evidence on work‐related factors influencing the risk of CVD in people with diabetes. The findings should be interpreted cautiously pondering the limited evidence and imprecision. We identified only five articles related to the topic, and there were no studies from Japan. The scarcity of studies on work‐related factors on the prognosis of diabetic patients implies the need for more research in this field. We recommend further exploration of the topic designing primary studies.

The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review

“…Occupation 61 , 62 , 71 , 76 , 77 , 79 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 : Low occupation level was associated with a higher risk of composite CVD 61 , 81 , 84 and CVD mortality. 61 , 84 Specific to CVD subtypes, occupation was associated with a higher risk of heart failure, 77 myocardial infarction, 61 , 79 ischemic heart disease, 62 , 84 angina, 61 atrial fibrillation, 82 stroke, 61 , 84 and stroke mortality. 71 There was no association between lower occupation and stroke and coronary heart disease in one review that assessed the effect in men and women separately.…”