Wood traits related to size and life history of trees in a Panamanian rainforest

Hietz, Peter; Rosner, Sabine; Hietz‐Seifert, Ursula; Wright, S. Joseph

doi:10.1111/nph.14123

Cited by 91 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, two studies comparing >300 phylogenetically diverse species (Hietz et al., for wood and Valverde‐Barrantes, Freschet, Roumet, & Blackwood, for leaf traits) report λ very similar to our intraspecific study for WD, VA and VD (0.7–0.8), F (0.5) and K h (0.55) and LMA (0.76), but much higher for leaf N mass (0.67; vs. 0.16 for Hevea ). This suggests that, at least for our study system, phylogenetic signals are useful to study intraspecific trait evolution and that the evolution of these traits follows similar patterns across vastly different scales of time and relatedness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Consequently, correlations among traits were weaker. For instance, while the relationship between VA and VD was significant, it was much weaker in Hevea clones ( r 2 = 0.27) than in interspecific comparisons ( r 2 = 0.81 in Zanne et al., , 0;.88 in Hietz, Rosner, Hietz‐Seifert, & Wright, ). Similarly, the negative correlation between LMA and N mass was much weaker within Hevea (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Trait evolution in tropical rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) trees is related to dry season intensity

Rungwattana

Kasemsap

Phumichai³

et al. 2018

Functional Ecology

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Drought shapes the distribution and survival of trees even in tropical wet forests, and the wood and leaf trait spectra are used to understand drought adaptations. However, trait variation may result from ontogenetic adjustment or be related to tree size and not reflect evolutionary adaptations. Intraspecific variation in adaptations to drought can be an important factor in a species’ distribution and response to climate change, but excluding potentially confounding factors and proving adaptive evolution are challenging. Provenance trials can identify hereditary variability. We analysed wood and leaf traits in rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) tree clones from 15 locations in the Amazon basin that were planted in northern Thailand, controlled for tree size, tested for genetic relatedness and the phylogenetic signal in traits and compared trait variations with the climate at the location of origin. Correlations between traits and tree size were low. Intraspecific trait variation was similar to relationships in published among‐species comparisons, and correlations among wood traits and correlations among leaf traits were stronger than between wood and leaf traits. Genotype explained 30%–70% of the trait variation, and traits differed in how much of this variation was controlled by location or the relatedness among clones. There was no correlation with mean temperature or total annual rainfall. However, rainfall in the driest quarter (19–199 mm) was strongly related to leaf mass per area, carbon isotopic composition and area‐based nitrogen content (r2 = 0.54–0.70) and weaker to wood traits (vessel density and vessel lumen fraction). Trees from locations with a stronger dry season also had higher growth rates in Thailand. All traits correlating with climate showed a significant phylogenetic signal. We found no evidence of increased drought tolerance, but the trait spectrum and higher growth in trees from drier locations suggest that deciduous rubber trees have adapted via drought avoidance rather than tolerance. Our study also underlines the importance of looking at a suite of traits rather than individual ones to understand adaptive strategies. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13203/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Trait evolution in tropical rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) trees is related to dry season intensity

Rungwattana

Kasemsap

Phumichai³

et al. 2018

Functional Ecology

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“…Among species, K h has been found to be correlated with growth rates (Hoeber, Leuschner, Köhler, Arias‐Aguilar, & Schuldt, ), possibly because high growth rates require productive leaves and a water transport system that supplies them (Hietz et al., ). As individual trees grow, the increase in K h is needed to compensate for the increasing hydraulic resistance (Zach et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial variation of wood functional traits reflect size‐related adaptations of tree mechanics and hydraulics

Rungwattana

Hietz

2017

Functional Ecology

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Wood serves for mechanical support, water transport and storage. These functions are provided for by different cells with a large variation in wood anatomy among species but also within individual trees. The latter often reflects ontogenetic adjustments, related to tree size or age, which can be studied by looking at patterns of radial variation in wood. We quantified radial variation in wood density (WD) and wood anatomy and ask how ontogenetic changes of wood functions are controlled in five canopy tree species in western Thailand. We ask if there are trade‐offs between these main functions of wood, how ontogenetic trends are linked to differences in growth trajectories and shade tolerance among tree species and if wood properties are mainly controlled by tree age or by size. In all species studied, vessel fraction, vessel size, theoretical hydraulic conductivity (Kh) and fibre wall thickness significantly increased with tree diameter. While the ray fraction also increased in all species except Neolitsea, axial parenchyma changed significantly only in Afzelia, the species with by far the largest axial parenchyma fraction. The average WD and Kh reflect the phenology, with deciduous and shade‐intolerant Toona and Melia having low WD and high Kh, and shade‐tolerant brevi‐deciduous Chukrasia and evergreen Neolitsea having higher WD and low Kh. Deciduous Afzelia, however, had the lowest Kh and second‐highest WD. The radial gradients in WD and Kh also reflect within‐species differences in growth rates during ontogeny. The relationship between WD and its underlying anatomical components varied substantially among species. Modulating fibre wall thickness and vessel size enables growing trees to increase water transport capacity and mechanical strength at the same time. Across species, tree diameter had a stronger effect than age on all parameters except for fibres. Given the very substantial within‐tree size‐related variation in wood traits, tree size is an essential parameter to include in comparative studies on the functional ecology of wood. Analysing ontogenetic changes in wood can advance our understanding of the different ecological strategies of trees. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12970/suppinfo is available for this article.

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“…Leaf physiological, morphological, and chemical traits change because of variation in light availability and evaporative demand with tree height (Russo & Kitajima, ). In addition, wood traits vary because of mechanical and hydraulic constraints arising with increased transport distance between roots and leaves (Hietz et al , ). Tree performance in terms of growth and mortality can subsequently be optimized by different leaf and wood trait values between developmental stages (Hérault et al , ; Lasky et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the effects of environment and ontogeny on tree functional dimensions for congeneric species in tropical forests

et al. 2020

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Summary Soil water and nutrient availability are key drivers of tree species distribution and forest ecosystem functioning, with strong species differences in water and nutrient use. Despite growing evidence for intraspecific trait differences, it remains unclear under which circumstances the effects of environmental gradients trump those of ontogeny and taxonomy on important functional dimensions related to resource use, particularly in tropical forests. Here, we explore how physiological, chemical, and morphological traits related to resource use vary between life stages in four species within the genus Micropholis that is widespread in lowland Amazonia. Specifically, we evaluate how environment, developmental stage, and taxonomy contribute to single‐trait variation and multidimensional functional strategies. We find that environment, developmental stage, and taxonomy differentially contribute to functional dimensions. Habitats and seasons shape physiological and chemical traits related to water and nutrient use, whereas developmental stage and taxonomic identity impact morphological traits –especially those related to the leaf economics spectrum. Our findings suggest that combining environment, ontogeny, and taxonomy allows for a better understanding of important functional dimensions in tropical trees and highlights the need for integrating tree physiological and chemical traits with classically used morphological traits to improve predictions of tropical forests’ responses to environmental change.

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Wood traits related to size and life history of trees in a Panamanian rainforest

Cited by 91 publications

References 69 publications

Trait evolution in tropical rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) trees is related to dry season intensity

Trait evolution in tropical rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) trees is related to dry season intensity

Radial variation of wood functional traits reflect size‐related adaptations of tree mechanics and hydraulics

Disentangling the effects of environment and ontogeny on tree functional dimensions for congeneric species in tropical forests

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