Wood Energy in America

Richter, Daniel deB.; Jenkins, Dylan H.; Karakash, John T.; Knight, J. D.; McCreery, Lew R.; Nemestothy, Kasimir P.

doi:10.1126/science.1166214

Cited by 71 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Refueling urban forest restoration through coppicing requires serious consideration, particularly in light of increased interest in wood fuel as a carbon-lean energy source (Jansen and Kuiper 2004;McPherson 1998;Richter et al 2009;Yokohari et al 2006). With the threat of global climate change and the pressing need to curb carbon emissions, urban forest restoration activities that incorporate historic traditions of wood fuel production offer the opportunity to expand the benefits of contemporary urban forestry in exciting new ways.…”

Section: Urban Forestry and Urban Forest Restorationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Refueling Satoyama Woodland Restoration in Japan: Enhancing Restoration Practice and Experiences through Woodfuel Utilization

Terada¹,

Yokohari²,

Bolthouse³

et al. 2010

Nature and Culture

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Urban and peri-urban satoyama woodlands have become focal points of restoration throughout Japan. Prior to the abrupt shift to fossil fuels in the 1950-60s, villages coppiced these woods to produce a sustainable supply of wood fuel, a process that also sustained a dynamic woodland structure rich in biodiversity. Currently, amidst a "satoyama renaissance," thousands of volunteer groups are restoring management to abandoned woods. Yet while volunteers are the main drivers of the satoyama renaissance, volunteer management tends to be limited in spatial extent and focused on the "parkification" of woodlands. Through a case study of four satoyama restoration scenarios we found that reintroduction of coppicing for wood fuel-"refueling"-can play a role in addressing climate change through fossil fuel substitution. We suggest that this literal refueling of satoyama restoration could, in a more metaphorical sense, help to refuel restoration efforts by strengthening both restoration practice and the authenticity of restoration experiences. KEYWORDSbiomass, climate change, satoyama woodlands, urban ecological restoration ᮄ "Cities" have long been seen as the antithesis of "nature." Yet over the last few decades the conceptual wall partitioning the natural from the urban has been attacked and appears to have been finally breached. This storming of the nature/culture divide has come from many directions, but one key thrust has been to work through this dualism by bringing meta-concepts such as ecosystem and ecology, long the domain of people who theorize about pristine wildlands, to bear on urban environments. With this conceptual progress well established, we can now turn to the more substantive task of improving the quality of urban ecologies. The importance of this task cannot be overstated, for Nature and Culture 5(3), Winter 2010: 251-276 © Berghahn Journals

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Section: Urban Forestry and Urban Forest Restorationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Refueling Satoyama Woodland Restoration in Japan: Enhancing Restoration Practice and Experiences through Woodfuel Utilization

Terada¹,

Yokohari²,

Bolthouse³

et al. 2010

Nature and Culture

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“…Forest certification (Cashore, Auld, & Newsom, 2004) and various carbon credits (Cairns & Lasserre, 2006) and REDD+ (Corbera, Schroeder, & Springate-Baginski, 2011) encourage forest management to provide carbon sequestration and other values such as biodiversity in the forest. Other policies are being considered to harvest forests for CO 2 reductions and FF savings (Cubbage, Harou, & Sills, 2007;Richter et al, 2009). The above issues need to be clarified before policies can be crafted that promote desired goals such as biodiversity protection, CO 2 sequestration, and FF savings (Ruddell et al, 2007 The National Research Council (1976) compared FF savings by using wood alternatives to steel, concrete, brick, and aluminum building materials in the 1970s.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, Fossil Fuel, and Biodiversity Mitigation With Wood and Forests

Oliver

Nassar

Lippke

et al. 2014

Journal of Sustainable Forestry

181

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“…As recommended by Evans and Perschel (2009), guidelines that go beyond minimum requirements may be required to ensure that appropriate levels of standing dead trees, coarse woody material and fine woody material are maintained for biodiversity. Designing and monitoring such balanced systems remains a challenge (Berg 2003), but are necessary to gain public support for bioenergy production (Richter et al 2009). …”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing forest biomass for bioenergy: Operational challenges and cost considerations

Ralevic¹,

Ryans²,

Cormier³

2010

The Forestry Chronicle

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Sustainability assessments and biomass inventories often neglect the operational challenges involved in the harvesting of forest biomass for bioenergy. Thus, concerns that increasing demands for biomass will lead to greater environmental impacts, particularly on soil productivity, need to be considered from an operations perspective that takes into consideration the technical and cost limitations to biomass recovery. We examine operational forest biomass recovery potential of harvest residue (slash) for three sites located north of Kapuskasing, Ontario. The sites are in the Northern Claybelt, which is in the boreal forest and is comprised primarily of lowland black spruce and upland mixedwoods. Supply flows of harvest residues estimated using the Biomass Opportunity Supply Model (BiOS), developed by FPInnovations -Feric Division are compared to validation data collected from the sites. Costs for the supply flows were also estimated using BiOS. After harvesting limitations and planned retentions (such as wildlife trees) were taken into consideration, 41% (41.2 ovendry tonnes/ha) and 59% (99.1 odt/ha) of total above-ground biomass were estimated to remain on site in two mixedwood blocks, and 25% (25.3 odt/ha) in a black spruce block. Thus, considerable biomass was left on the forest floor, contrary to popular perceptions that bioenergy harvesting will result in a "clearing" or potential "vacuuming" of the forest floor. The delivered cost was $53/odt ($2.86/GJ energy equivalent) and $58/odt ($3.14/GJ) for the two upland sites and $59/odt ($3.19/GJ) for the lowland black spruce site. This is higher than conventional hog fuel costs. Although operational and cost considerations thus limit harvest residue recovery, and although there are a number of operational factors that can minimize environmental impacts on soils and biodiversity, sustainable biomass removal guidelines still need to be implemented on sites sensitive to soil damage and nutrient removal.Key words: biomass, bioenergy, harvest, operations, cost, supply chain, sustainable management, soil nutrients, forest residues, BiOS model, Ontario RÉSUMÉ Les évaluations de durabilité et les inventaires de biomasse négligent souvent les défis opérationnels reliés à la récolte de biomasse forestière pour la production de bioénergie. En conséquence, les inquiétudes à l' effet que l'accroissement de la demande de biomasse générera plus d'impacts environnementaux, particulièrement sur la productivité des sols, doivent être étudiées selon une perspective opérationnelle qui prend en considération les limites techniques et financières de la récupération de la biomasse. Nous avons étudié le potentiel opérationnel de récupération de la biomasse forestière à partir des résidus de récolte (rémanents) de trois sites situés au nord de Kapuskasing en Ontario. Les sites se retrouvent sur la zone argileuse du Nord qui fait partie de la forêt boréale et est composée principalement d' épinette noire sur sol marécageux et de forêts mélangées sur terrain plus sec. Les flux d'ap...

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Wood Energy in America

Cited by 71 publications

References 4 publications

Refueling Satoyama Woodland Restoration in Japan: Enhancing Restoration Practice and Experiences through Woodfuel Utilization

Refueling Satoyama Woodland Restoration in Japan: Enhancing Restoration Practice and Experiences through Woodfuel Utilization

Carbon, Fossil Fuel, and Biodiversity Mitigation With Wood and Forests

Assessing forest biomass for bioenergy: Operational challenges and cost considerations

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