Wood, Chemical, and Pulp Properties of Woods from Less-Utilized Fast-Growing Tree Species Found in Naturally Regenerated Secondary Forest in South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Wood properties related to pulp and paper quality in two <i>Macaranga</i> species naturally regenerated in secondary forests, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

“…Fibers with high Runkel ratio are stiffer and form bulkier paper with lower bonded area when compared to low Runkel ratio fibers (Ashori and Nourbakhsh 2009). A lower Runkel ratio also indicates that the fibers easily collapse to form paper with good strength properties (Istikowati et al 2016). The mean Runkel ratios in two species studied here were less than 0.1 (Table 5), suggesting that the fibers from both species would produce a good quality paper.…”

“…However, utilization of wood resources from these fast-growing tree species is limited because little information is available regarding the properties and anatomical characteristics of the wood (Adi et al 2014, Istikowati et al 2014. These wood characteristics and the corresponding pulp properties have recently been investigated for three unutilized fast-growing tree species-terap (Artocarpus elasticus), medang (Neolitsea latifolia), and balik angin (Alphitonia excelsa), which grow naturally in secondary forests in South Kalimantan-to exploit these potential wood resources as new alternative raw materials for pulp production (Istikowati et al 2016). However, further research is needed to characterize the potential wood resources from other unutilized fast-growing tree species.…”

“…However, further research is needed to characterize the potential wood resources from other unutilized fast-growing tree species. The pulp and paper qualities can be evaluated by wood properties including anatomical characteristics (Amidon 1981, Ona et al 2001, Ohshima et al 2005, Ashori and Nourbakhsh 2009, Yahya et al 2010, Dutt and Tyagi 2011, Pirralho et al 2014, Istikowati et al 2016, although these qualities are also closely related to the chemical characteristics of wood. The pulp and paper quality, based on wood properties like anatomical characteristics, can be estimated using the following indices: Runkel ratio (Runkel 1949), Luce＇s shape factor (Luce 1970), flexibility coefficient (Malan and Gerischer 1987), slenderness ratio (Malan and Gerischer 1987), solids factor (Barefoot et al 1964), and wall coverage ratio (Hudson et al 1998).…”

Analisis Kimia dari Serat Kayu Bangkal (Nauclea officinalis) sebagai Alternatif Bahan Baku Pulp Kertas (Chemical Analysis of Bangkal (Nauclea Officinalis) Wood Fibers as Raw Material Alternative of Pulp & Paper)

“…Kelarutan air panas bangkal sebesar 3,80%. Hasil ini sesuai dengan penelitian Istikowati et al (2016b) yang menyatakan kelarutan ekstraktif air panas tiga jenis kayu dari hutan sekunder Kalimantan Selatan berkisar 3,10-3,20% dan kurang dari 4,00%. Kandungan ekstraktif kelarutan air dingin dan air panas bangkal juga sama dengan jenis kayu Eucaliptus urophylla yang umum digunakan sebagai bahan baku pulp kertas yaitu 2,32% dan 3,37% (Nasdy, 2013).…”

“…Kelarutan dalam NaOH 1% kayu bangkal lebih kecil dari kayu terap, medang, dan balik angin (Istikowati et al, 2016b). Kelarutan dalam NaOH 1% kayu bangkal juga lebih kecil dari A. mangium (20,23%), sengon (11,20%), dan E. urophylla (15,02%).…”