Wood-Based Composites

Abstract

Wood composites are made from various wood or ligno-cellulosic non-wood materials (shape and origin) that are bonded together using either natural bonding or synthetic resin (e.g. thermoplastic or duroplastic polymers), or organic- (e.g. plastics)/inorganic-binder (e.g. cement). This product mix ranges from panel products (e.g., plywood, particleboard, strandboard, or fiberboard) to engineered timber substitutes (e.g., laminated veneer lumber or structural composite lumber). These composites are used for a number of structural and nonstructural applications in product lines ranging from interior to exterior applications (e.g. furniture and architectural trim in buildings). Wood composite materials can be engineered to meet a range of specific properties. When wood materials and processing variables are properly selected, the result can provide high performance and reliable service. Laminated composites consist of wood veneers bonded with a resin-binder and fabricated with either parallel- (e.g. Laminated Veneer Lumber with higher performance properties parallel to grain) or cross-banded veneers (e.g. plywood, homogenous and with higher dimensional stability). Particle-, strand-, or fiberboard composites are normally classified by density (high, medium, low) and element size. Each is made with a dry woody element, except for fiberboard, which can be made by either dry or wet processes. Hybrid composites based on wood wool, particles, and floor mixed with cement or gypsum are used in construction proving high weathering and fire resistance in construction. The mixture with plastics (PP or PE) and wood floor open a new generation of injected or molded Wood Plastic Composites (WPC), which are able to substitute plastics for some utilizations. In addition, sandwich panels with light core made from plastic foams or honeycomb papers are used in the furniture industry.

Mechanical and Physical Properties of Oriented Strand Lumber (OSL): The Effect of Fortification Level of Nanowollastonite on UF Resin

“…It replaces softwood timber in some residential building applications, but because it can attain dimensions not possible for a single piece of wood, it has additional applications in nonresidential construction. OSL is also used for industrial purposes such as furniture manufacturing [1].…”

Further Exploration of Sucrose–Citric Acid Adhesive: Investigation of Optimal Hot-Pressing Conditions for Plywood and Curing Behavior

“…Based on the investigation of the bond performance above, the optimal manufacture conditions of SC adhesive were: hot-pressing temperature-190 • C; hot-pressing time-7 min; spread rate-140 g/m 2 . Although the properties of the plywood which were manufactured under the optimal hot-pressing conditions satisfied the requirements of the China National Standard GB/T 9846-2015, these fabrication conditions were harsher than the industrial conditions [7,14]. Therefore, the curing behavior and reaction mechanism should be clarified in this research, which is helpful in determining the method to use to reduce the manufacturing conditions in future research.…”

“…As fossil resources are decreasing, the development of bio-based materials has attracted increasing attention [1][2][3][4][5], and these novel materials are expected to be utilized in many fields. However, most current bio-based materials used for construction, furniture, and flooring are glued wood-based materials, such as particleboards, plywood and fibreboards [6,7], for construction, furniture and floorings [8,9]. Most of these materials are fabricated using synthetic adhesives that use raw materials derived from fossil fuel-based resources [10,11], many of which also contain formaldehyde to ensure sufficient reactivity and adhesive performance [12,13].…”

Analysis to Improve the Strength of Beds Due to the Excess Weight of Users in Slovakia

“…Slats made from laminated wood are attached to the frame separately by means of synthetic slat suspension. Extensive space for further experimental research in furniture design is offered using wood composite materials [58][59][60]. The ergonomic design of sleep systems (i.e., the mattress, bed base and head cushion) aims to optimize bed properties to achieve maximum recovery during sleep.…”

“…research in furniture design is offered using wood composite materials [59][60][61]. The ergonomic design of sleep systems (i.e., the mattress, bed base and head cushion) aims to optimize bed properties to achieve maximum recovery during sleep.…”