Women surgeons fighting for work-life balance: how technology might help close the gender gap

Abstract

Despite a growing number of women choosing to pursue surgical specialties, surgery is still perceived as a woman-unfriendly career. The difficulties of conciliating a demanding career with the requirements of both personal and family life for women surgeons have been investigated by several authors. The current study aims to summarize existing evidence on the issue of work-life balance for women surgeons, particularly focusing on possible strategies to improve it. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been investigated as a possible means to close the gender gap, acting as an equalizer for women surgeons. Female surgeons have been reported to be unmarried or to have married later in life at a higher rate than their male colleagues; many of them also choose not to have children or to have fewer and to have them later in life. These disparities are partly due to the issues connected to invisible work (e.g. household management), the difficulties of managing pregnancy during surgical residency, the challenges women face when returning to work following maternity leave, and the lack of a supportive environment. Flexible work schedules, implementation of childcare facilities, introduction and encouragement of paternity leave for surgeons, and enforcement of mentorship and sponsorship for female surgeons are some of the proposed solutions for building a fair and equitable work culture for all surgeons and overthrowing old, conventional ideas concerning gender roles. Moreover, technology has been advocated as a possible solution to gender discrimination in surgical departments; technology could facilitate an objective assessment of surgical performances and advanced training for surgeons unable to attend in-person education. A healthy, thriving, organized, supportive, and culturally transformed work environment could benefit surgeon and staff productivity and ultimately improve patient care.