Women in Egypt: Islamic Rights Versus Cultural Practice

Developing and testing an instrument for identifying culture-specific barriers to breast cancer screening in Israeli Arab women

“…However, religious texts also heavily stress personal responsibility and taking an active role in promoting and preserving one's health [33]. This view is also supported by modern processes encouraging women to assume an active role in protecting health [34]. Convergent validity of this subscale should perhaps be measured against other constructs, such as scales of faith or religiosity.…”

Female pelvic floor dysfunction in the Middle East: a tale of three factors—culture, religion and socialization of health role stereotypes

“…The specific nature of the male-dominated Middle Eastern culture-patriarchy-where religion plays an important role and where women's roles are as such delineated represents a strong factor in shaping the health behavior of women in the region [6,7]. Attitudes towards pregnancy, childbirth, and the whole issue of women's health are necessarily rooted in the broader milieu of culture.…”

“…Studies in the field of sociology/anthropology covering Middle Eastern countries have further revealed that the formal health services may be bypassed and underutilized, even when available, while the major health care provider is the traditional system. If in all areas of health care this attitude tends to prevail, it is more common where women's health is concerned [6,7]. The social proximity between the clients on the one hand and the providers on the other may be seen as a reason for this finding.…”

Arabic validation of the Urogenital Distress Inventory and Adapted Incontinence Impact Questionnaires—short forms

“…The latter constitutes the most conservative segments of Middle Eastern culture, and as such, traditional values are in action, predominantly those that deal with gender issues. 12 Although Middle Eastern women are as individualistic as many elsewhere in the world, their lifestyle and social norms might be different. 13 Inquiring about prayer was essential.…”