Women and war

Murdoch, Maureen; Bradley, Arlene B.; Mather, Susan H.; Klein, Robert E.; Turner, Carole; Yano, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00368.x

Cited by 90 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Since 1991, women have compromised at least 10 percent of all AD personnel, serving in key combat support functions, driving trucks, flying planes and helicopters, running prisoner of war facilities, directing artillery, and serving in port and construction battalions [39]. With a greater involvement in battlefield activity, there is a risk for traumatic musculoskeletal injury and potential for LLL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and reliability testing of the Comprehensive High-Level Activity Mobility Predictor (CHAMP) in male servicemembers with traumatic lower-limb loss

et al. 2013

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Abstract-The opportunity for wounded servicemembers (SMs) to return to high-level activity and return to duty has improved with advances in surgery, rehabilitation, and prosthetic technology. As a result, there is now a need for a high-level mobility outcome measure to assess progress toward high-level mobility during and after rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to develop and determine the reliability of a new outcome measure called the Comprehensive High-Level Activity Mobility Predictor (CHAMP). The CHAMP consists of the Single Limb Stance, Edgren Side Step Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test. CHAMP reliability was determined for SMs with lower-limb loss (LLL) (interrater: n = 118; test-retest: n = 111) and without LLL (n = 97). A linear system was developed to combine the CHAMP items and produce a composite score that ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating better performance. Interrater and test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient values for the CHAMP were 1.0 and 0.97, respectively. A CHAMP score equal to or greater than 33 points is within the range for SMs without LLL. The CHAMP was found to be a safe and reliable measure of high-level mobility in SMs with traumatic LLL.Key words: agility, high-level activity, lower-limb loss, military personnel, mobility, OIF/OEF, outcome measures, reliability, traumatic amputation, Veterans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and reliability testing of the Comprehensive High-Level Activity Mobility Predictor (CHAMP) in male servicemembers with traumatic lower-limb loss

et al. 2013

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“…Women represent a growing minority in the U.S. military, facing common challenges with male service members as well as additional stressors specific to being a woman in a traditionally male setting. Exposure to combat and its aftermath, and in-service sexual assault or harassment both increase the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, suicide attempts, drug and alcohol abuse, and anxiety (Hoge et al 2007;Murdoch et al 2006). It is therefore increasingly important to examine factors that may be unique to women's health, well-being, and successful adjustment to the military.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Training Experiences as Mediators of the Association Between Gender-Role Egalitarianism and Women’s Adjustment to Marine Recruit Training

et al. 2011

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Women may face particular challenges adjusting to the military environment, in part due to their numerical minority status in a traditionally male culture. In addition, women are more likely than men to experience the added stressor of sexual harassment. We examined several potential mediators of the relationship between genderrole egalitarianism and adjustment to boot camp training in a sample of 658 female U.S. Marine recruits. Results indicated that sexual harassment, performance stress, and unit cohesion mediated the relationship between egalitarianism and mental health symptomatology. These findings suggest that beliefs about gender roles are important to consider in efforts to improve women's adjustment in the military.

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“…In particular, the number of women veterans increased from 2% of troops stationed in Vietnam war to 10% in OEF/OIF (Murdoch et al, 2006), and it is known there are differences in the number of trauma between male and female veterans (Cohen et al, 2016). Thus, it will be worth examining how or if the combat exposure differently influences veterans depending on gender.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does combat exposure affect well-being in later life? The VA Normative Aging Study.

Lee

Choun

Spiro

2017

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective Combat exposure has long-term negative effects in later life, and aspects of service may be appraised positively, but the long-term effects of combat on well-being in later life is largely unknown. Method The sample included 1,006 male veterans from the VA Normative Aging Study, surveyed by mail in 1986, 1990, and 1991 (Mage = 62.5, SD = 7.27). They reported on their combat exposure, desirable appraisals of military service, unit cohesion, dispositional optimism, self-rated health, and psychological well-being (PWB), as well as age, military rank, and education. Perceived positive aspects (PPA) of military service was postulated to mediate the effects of combat exposure on PWB. SEM was used to examine both mediating and moderating effects. Results Age, combat exposure, and optimism had independent effects on PPA, but optimism did not moderate the effect of combat exposure on PPA. Combat exposure had only indirect effects on PWB through the PPA, controlling for the direct effects of optimism. Education had no direct effects on the positive outcomes, but did have indirect effects through optimism. Conclusion Combat exposure contributes to positive well-being in later life, indirectly through positive appraisals, and this effect was independent of optimism. Thus, these results support the idea that combat veterans should be encouraged to focus on positive aspects of military service, which may serve as resilience resources to facilitate optimal aging.

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Women and war

Cited by 90 publications

References 50 publications

Development and reliability testing of the Comprehensive High-Level Activity Mobility Predictor (CHAMP) in male servicemembers with traumatic lower-limb loss

Development and reliability testing of the Comprehensive High-Level Activity Mobility Predictor (CHAMP) in male servicemembers with traumatic lower-limb loss

Training Experiences as Mediators of the Association Between Gender-Role Egalitarianism and Women’s Adjustment to Marine Recruit Training

Does combat exposure affect well-being in later life? The VA Normative Aging Study.

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