Women and gambling disorder: Assessing dropouts and relapses in cognitive behavioral group therapy

Baño, Marta; Mestre‐Bach, Gemma; Granero, Roser; Fernández‐Aranda, Fernando; Gómez-Peña, Mònica; Moragas, Laura; Pino-Gutiérrez, Amparo del; Codina, Ester; Guillén-Guzmán, Elías; Valero-Solís, Susana; Lara-Huallipe, Milagros Lizbeth; Baenas, Isabel; Mora-Maltas, Bernat; Valenciano‐Mendoza, Eduardo; Solé-Morata, Neus; Gálvez-Solé, Laura; González-Bueso, Vega; Santamaría, Juan José Villalaín; Menchón, José M.; Jiménez‐Murcia, Susana

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107085

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In this sense, guilt and shame in women with GD have been explained by the fact that it is more stigmatising for women than for men to suffer from this disorder (Del Rosal et al, 2020 ; Macía & Estévez, 2023 ; Soares & Carvalho, 2009 ). This, in turn, may also help to justify the under-diagnosis of female gamblers and the fact that they seek less therapeutic help (Baño et al, 2021 ; Belloch et al, 2020 ; Lamas et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking at Sex Differences in Gambling Disorder: The Predictive Role of the Early Abandonment Schema, Gambling Motives and Alexithymia in Depression

Estévez,

Macía,

Macía

2023

J Gambl Stud

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A growing body of research indicates differences between men and women with gambling disorder. However, although alexithymia, gambling motives or abandonment have been associated with GD, women’s clinical profile remains unexplored. This study aims, firstly, to explore mean differences in gambling motives (i.e. enhancement, coping and social [SOC]), the early maladaptive abandonment schema, alexithymia and depression in women and men with GD. Secondly, to analyse the correlation between the aforementioned variables as a function of sex. Thirdly, to examine the predictive role of gambling motives, early abandonment schema and alexithymia in depression as a function of sex. Lastly, to analyse the mediating role of COP between the early maladaptive abandonment schema and depression in women with GD, and the mediating role of ENH and the early maladaptive abandonment schema between alexithymia and depression in men with GD. The sample comprised 108 adults with GD diagnosis, of whom 60 were women and 48 were men. Regression and mediation analyses were carried out to explore possible sex differences in GD, through the SPSS programme. Results showed that depressive symptoms are predicted by alexithymia in men with GD and by the early maladaptive abandonment schema in women with GD. Regarding mediation analyses, the results suggest that COP mediated the relationship between early abandonment schema and depressive symptoms in females; and ENH and abandonment schema mediated the relationship between alexithymia and depressive symptoms in males. These results provide evidence of the relevance of considering sex differences when establishing therapeutic strategies in GD rehabilitation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking at Sex Differences in Gambling Disorder: The Predictive Role of the Early Abandonment Schema, Gambling Motives and Alexithymia in Depression

Estévez,

Macía,

Macía

2023

J Gambl Stud

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“…Concerned significant others are included into treatment in couple and family interventions (Kourgiantakis et al, 2021). For women, relapse frequencies were found to be higher if the person was divorced (Baño et al, 2021). Nonetheless, the effect of close relationships on recovery or the likelihood of dropping out of problem gambling treatment has not been thoroughly investigated (see Nilsson et al, 2021, for an exception).…”

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confidence: 99%

Predicting online problem gambling treatment discontinuation: New evidence from cross-validated models.

Palomäki¹,

Lind²,

Heiskanen³

et al. 2023

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Objective: There are tens of millions of problem gamblers in the world, many of whom either do not seek treatment or fail to commit to it. Dropout rates are high, and not enough is known about factors predicting treatment adherence. We focus on an online cognitive behavioral therapy program for severe problem gambling to determine the likelihood of treatment discontinuation at three different treatment phases: pretreatment, before halfway, and before the end of the program. Method: Participants were Finnish adults (N = 1,139, 670 males, M age = 34.5) registered in the program between 2019 and 2021. Using logistic regression and five-fold crossvalidated naïve Bayes classification, we predicted discontinuation with demographic-, psychometric-, and other gambling-related variables, including the quality of one's social relations, time spent on the waiting list, and experienced readiness to behavioral change. Results: The models had acceptable predictive ability (area under the curve [AUC] values from .69 to .745; cross-validated balanced classification accuracy = 63.2%). In logistic regressions, treatment discontinuation was prominently associated with younger age ( p = .008), lower education ( p < .001), not being ready to change gambling behavior ( p < .001), problem gambling severity ( p < .0001), longer time spent on the treatment waiting list ( p < .0001), and fewer close social relationships ( p < .001). Conclusions: We found significant new real-world evidence on factors statistically predicting treatment discontinuation, which is crucial when existing programs are modified to better serve those in need. Public Health Significance StatementThis study found that long treatment wait-list periods, few good social relationships, and not being ready to change gambling behavior are highly significant predictors of online problem gambling treatment discontinuation. This knowledge is crucial when existing treatment programs are modified to better serve those in need.

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“…Regarding the reliability of the CBT program employed in this research, previous studies have shown the short-and medium-term effectiveness, including samples of women meeting clinical criteria for GD [73,74] and BSD [75].…”

Section: Cbt Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent Classes for the Treatment Outcomes in Women with Gambling Disorder and Buying/Shopping Disorder

Granero

Fernández‐Aranda²,

Lara-Huallipe³

et al. 2022

JCM

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Background: The risk for behavioral addictions is rising among women within the general population and in clinical settings. However, few studies have assessed treatment effectiveness in females. The aim of this work was to explore latent empirical classes of women with gambling disorder (GD) and buying/shopping disorder (BSD) based on the treatment outcome, as well as to identify predictors of the different empirical groups considering the sociodemographic and clinical profiles at baseline. Method: A clinical sample of n = 318 women seeking treatment for GD (n = 221) or BSD (n = 97) participated. Age was between 21 to 77 years. Results: The four latent-classes solution was the optimal classification in the study. Latent class 1 (LT1, good progression to recovery) grouped patients with the best CBT outcomes (lowest risk of dropout and relapses), and it was characterized by the healthiest psychological state at baseline, the lowest scores in harm avoidance and self-transcendence, and the highest scores in reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness and cooperativeness. Latent classes 3 (LT3, bad progression to drop-out) and 4 (LT4, bad progression to relapse) grouped women with the youngest mean age, earliest onset of the addictive behaviors, and worst psychological functioning. Conclusions: GD and BSD are complex conditions with multiple interactive causes and impacts, which need wide and flexible treatment plans. Specific interventions should be designed according to the specific profiles of women for achieving early inclusion, retention and well-maintained long-term effects.

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Women and gambling disorder: Assessing dropouts and relapses in cognitive behavioral group therapy

Cited by 12 publications

References 77 publications

Looking at Sex Differences in Gambling Disorder: The Predictive Role of the Early Abandonment Schema, Gambling Motives and Alexithymia in Depression

Looking at Sex Differences in Gambling Disorder: The Predictive Role of the Early Abandonment Schema, Gambling Motives and Alexithymia in Depression

Predicting online problem gambling treatment discontinuation: New evidence from cross-validated models.

Latent Classes for the Treatment Outcomes in Women with Gambling Disorder and Buying/Shopping Disorder

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