Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica gen. nov., sp. nov., a new gammaproteobacterium isolated from Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

Tóth, Erika; Schümann, Peter; Borsodi, Andrea K.; Kéki, Zsuzsa; Kovács, Attila; Màrialigeti, Károly

doi:10.1099/ijs.0.65324-0

Cited by 131 publications

(121 citation statements)

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“…Ignatzschineria is a bacterial genus of the Xanthomonadaceae family and associated with myiasis by fly larvae in the Sarcophagidae family [33][34][35][36][37]. As described in detail below, this genus dominated the bacterial communities of all body sites during the wettest phases of decomposition for STAFS 2012-021, decreasing in abundance as time progressed and the body dehydrated and was skeletonized.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial insights into bacterial succession during human decomposition

et al. 2014

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Decomposition is a dynamic ecological process dependent upon many factors such as environment, climate, and bacterial, insect, and vertebrate activity in addition to intrinsic properties inherent to individual cadavers. Although largely attributed to microbial metabolism, very little is known about the bacterial basis of human decomposition. To assess the change in bacterial community structure through time, bacterial samples were collected from several sites across two cadavers placed outdoors to decompose and analyzed through 454 pyrosequencing and analysis of variable regions 3-5 of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene. Each cadaver was characterized by a change in bacterial community structure for all sites sampled as time, and decomposition, progressed. Bacteria community structure is variable at placement and before purge for all body sites. At bloat and purge and until tissues began to dehydrate or were removed, bacteria associated with flies, such as Ignatzschineria and Wohlfahrtimonas, were common. After dehydration and skeletonization, bacteria associated with soil, such as Acinetobacter, were common at most body sites sampled. However, more cadavers sampled through multiple seasons are necessary to assess major trends in bacterial succession.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial insights into bacterial succession during human decomposition

et al. 2014

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“…While I. larvae was isolated from a homogenate sample of first-and second-stage larvae of the obligate parasitic fly Wohlfahrtia magnifica in 1997 and described by E. Toth et al in 2001 (11), W. chitiniclastica, described by the same authors in 2008, was isolated from the homogenate of third-stage larvae of the same fly (12).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Case of Fulminant Sepsis Due to Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica

Almuzara

Palombarani²,

Tuduri³

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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We report the first case of fulminant sepsis due to Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica. This case is also the first one reported in South America. We emphasize the importance of recognizing bacteria that live in the larvae of a parasitic fly as the causative agent of severe infections in homeless patients. CASE REPORTA 70-year-old homeless male patient was admitted to the emergency department of Eva Peron Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina, in June 2008 because of sensory impairment.He had a history of alcohol abuse, severe smoking, and occlusive peripheral arteriopathy of the lower limbs (with a 30% obstruction of the external iliac artery) without medical control since 1997.On admission, the patient was found to be disoriented, he did not answer simple commands, and he had isochoric pupils which showed hyporeactivity. His vital signs were as follows: nonrecordable blood pressure; pulse (heart) rate, 75 beats/ min; respiratory rate, 40 breaths/min; body temperature, 35°C (95°F), and signs of peripheral hypoperfusion.Physical examination revealed that the patient was in very poor sanitary condition.In both inguinal regions, the presence of multiple erythematous plaques covered by "honey-colored" crusts was observed; these lesions could not be cultivated.On respiratory auscultation, the patient showed coarse crackles in the right lower quadrant. Also, he presented weak peripheral pulses with no edema and jugular vein distention 2/3. The abdomen was soft and tender on palpation with preserved bowel sounds.The clinical picture was interpreted as a probable septic shock.Laboratory findings of the peripheral venous blood sample on admission were as follows: white blood cell count, 5,000/ mm 3 (with 86% neutrophils); hematocrit, 18.4%; hemoglobin count, 6.1 g/dl; and platelet count, 135,000/mm 3 . An arterial blood gas analysis showed a pH of 7. .8 meq/liter; blood urea nitrogen level, 406 mg/dl; and creatinine level, 12.6 mg/dl. Treatment with intravascular fluids (500 ml of 5% dextrose, 1,500 ml of saline [0.9%], and 100 mg thiamine) was initiated. A urinary catheter and central line were placed, and two blood culture sets and a urine culture were performed. Empirical treatment with ciprofloxacin (400 mg given every 12 h intravenously [i.v.]) and ampicillin-sulbactam (1.5 g every 6 h) was started.After admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), the patient presented sustained hypotension, hypoglycemia, respiratory failure, and oliguria, requiring the use of vasopressors (noradrenaline and dopamine), intravascular volume expansion, mechanical ventilation, and transfusion of 2 units of packed red blood cells.Hemodialysis was attempted on the third day of his intensive care unit stay, but it was not tolerated by the patient.The urine culture was negative and in the 2 blood culture sets (BacT/Alert; bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) taken at the time of admission, at two different times, there was pure growth of Gram-negative rods. With the preliminary report of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacillus isolation in blood cu...

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“…[3] It was first isolated from the larvae of the Wohlfahrtia magnifica fly. [4] This fly has been reported as the cause of myiasis in live vertebrates in Spain, France, Hungary, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Korea. [5] This report should help increase clinicians' awareness of this rare zoonotic pathogen and alert diagnostic microbiology laboratories that the bacteria can currently only be identified using mass spectrometry technology and molecular methods.…”

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confidence: 99%