Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: Phytochemistry, structure-activity relationship, and anticancer potential

Tewari, Devesh; Chander, Vikas; Dhyani, Archana; Sahu, Sanjeev Kumar; Gupta, Pawan; Patni, Pooja; Kalick, Lindsay S; Bishayee, Anupam

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153949

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…WS modulates cytotoxicity in cancer cells by accumulating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. WS inhibits several aberrant pathways implicated in inflammation and proliferation (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α, and cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2)), angiogenesis and metastasis (e.g., VEGF, MMP9, TWIST, NF-κB, and STAT), cell survival (e.g., Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, survivin, and cIAP1/2), and regulation of the cell cycle (e.g., cyclin A, cyclin D1, Cdks, p21, and p53) [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Furthermore, WS is an adaptogenic Ayurvedic plant, which is often used to counteract and relieve stress, ultimately improving overall well-being, and numerous studies have shown the use of WS for stress resistance [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Withania somnifera: Progress towards a Pharmaceutical Agent for Immunomodulation and Cancer Therapeutics

et al. 2022

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Chemotherapy is one of the prime treatment options for cancer. However, the key issues with traditional chemotherapy are recurrence of cancer, development of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, affordability, late-stage detection, serious health consequences, and inaccessibility. Hence, there is an urgent need to find innovative and cost-effective therapies that can target multiple gene products with minimal adverse reactions. Natural phytochemicals originating from plants constitute a significant proportion of the possible therapeutic agents. In this article, we reviewed the advances and the potential of Withania somnifera (WS) as an anticancer and immunomodulatory molecule. Several preclinical studies have shown the potential of WS to prevent or slow the progression of cancer originating from various organs such as the liver, cervix, breast, brain, colon, skin, lung, and prostate. WS extracts act via various pathways and provide optimum effectiveness against drug resistance in cancer. However, stability, bioavailability, and target specificity are major obstacles in combination therapy and have limited their application. The novel nanotechnology approaches enable solubility, stability, absorption, protection from premature degradation in the body, and increased circulation time and invariably results in a high differential uptake efficiency in the phytochemical’s target cells. The present review primarily emphasizes the insights of WS source, chemistry, and the molecular pathways involved in tumor regression, as well as developments achieved in the delivery of WS for cancer therapy using nanotechnology. This review substantiates WS as a potential immunomodulatory, anticancer, and chemopreventive agent and highlights its potential use in cancer treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Withania somnifera: Progress towards a Pharmaceutical Agent for Immunomodulation and Cancer Therapeutics

et al. 2022

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“…Thousands of plants mentioned in the Ayurvedic system are useful in treatment and prevention of diseases. One potential plant of the Ayurvedic system is "Ashwagandha" [Withaniasomnifera (L.) Dunal], commonly regarded as Indian Ginseng which possesses various therapeutic activities, such as neuroprotective, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antiarthritic, and anticancer effects [26]. Liver cancer is one of the most frequent and lethal malignancies worldwide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF Withania somnifera AGAINST HUMAN LIVER CANCER CELLS - IN VITRO

Sujitha¹,

Devi.R²,

Selvaraj³

2022

Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results

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Introduction: Cancer, one of the most researched diseases worldwide, researches is being done to develop new technology and more effective treatments. Still, there are many gaps in the cancer treatments that are now on the market that have a negative impact on patients' health in the form of side effects. A better approach to treat this awful disease is to use herbal drugs made from medicinal plants. Since ancient times, different illnesses have been treated with the well-known Ayurvedic medicinal plant Withania somnifera L. Dunal (Solanaceae).The aim of this study is to analyze the anti-cancer activity of With aniasomnifera against human liver cancer cells.Materials and methods: Withania somnifera root powder was extracted as viscous mass by undergoing soxhlet extraction and then rotary evaporation. After culturing of HepG2 cells and treatment with the extract, it was subjected to MTT assay and Real time PCR to identify the anti-cancer activity.Results: MTT assay showed that as the concentration of treated W.somnifera ethanolic extract increases, the cancer cell viability decreases. As the concentration of the extract increased, the cell viability decreased. The W.sominifera performed by altering the expression of the apoptotic signaling molecules Bcl 2 and BclXl to suppress the growth of cancer cells.Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Withaniasomnifera down regulating the expression of Bcl 2 and Bcl XL mRNA on human liver cancer cells and induced apoptosis of the cells. The most effective anticancer substances are found in W.somnifera, which also induces apoptosis without causing any negative side effects.

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“… 222 Withaferin A (Figure 3 ) isolated from W. somnifera was found to exert antineoplastic effects againg various in vitro and in vivo tumour models. 223 This phytochemical was evaluated against MCF‐10A breast cancer cells and reported to partially reverse TGF‐β levels. During invasive breast cancer, EMT is usually characterised by low E‐cadherin and occludin levels and increased levels of the mesenchymal marker protein vimentin and fibronectin.…”

Section: Natural Compounds As Cancer Preventive and Therapeutic Agent...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its main constituents are alkaloids, steroidal lactone (withanolides and withaferins) and saponins 222 . Withaferin A (Figure 3) isolated from W. somnifera was found to exert antineoplastic effects against various in vitro and in vivo tumour models 223 . This phytochemical was evaluated against MCF‐10A breast cancer cells and reported to partially reverse TGF‐ß levels.…”

Section: Natural Compounds As Cancer Preventive and Therapeutic Agent...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting transforming growth factor‐ß signalling for cancer prevention and intervention: Recent advances in developing small molecules of natural origin

Tewari

Priya

Bishayee³

et al. 2022

Clinical & Translational Med

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Background Cancer is the world's second leading cause of death, but a significant advancement in cancer treatment has been achieved within the last few decades. However, major adverse effects and drug resistance associated with standard chemotherapy have led towards targeted treatment options. Objectives Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) signaling plays a key role in cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, regeneration, and tissue homeostasis. The prime objective of this review is to decipher the role of TGF‐β in oncogenesis and to evaluate the potential of various natural and synthetic agents to target this dysregulated pathway to confer cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic effects. Methods Various authentic and scholarly databases were explored to search and obtain primary literature for this study. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) criteria was followed for the review. Results Here we provide a comprehensive and critical review of recent advances on our understanding of the effect of various bioactive natural molecules on the TGF‐β signaling pathway to evaluate their full potential for cancer prevention and therapy. Conclusion Based on emerging evidence as presented in this work, TGF‐β‐targeting bioactive compounds from natural sources can serve as potential therapeutic agents for prevention and treatment of various human malignancies.

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Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: Phytochemistry, structure-activity relationship, and anticancer potential

Cited by 27 publications

References 158 publications

Withania somnifera: Progress towards a Pharmaceutical Agent for Immunomodulation and Cancer Therapeutics

Withania somnifera: Progress towards a Pharmaceutical Agent for Immunomodulation and Cancer Therapeutics

ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF Withania somnifera AGAINST HUMAN LIVER CANCER CELLS - IN VITRO

Targeting transforming growth factor‐ß signalling for cancer prevention and intervention: Recent advances in developing small molecules of natural origin

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