Withaminimin, a withanolide from Physalis minima

Withasteroids, a Growing Group of Naturally Occurring Steroidal Lactones

“…Scission of the 13,14-bond in the physalins is thought to be a result of oxidative cleavage by an appropriate biological oxidising agent with the hydroxyl group at C-14 and the carbonyl function at C-18 facilitating this cleavage (7,10). Some A16-withanolides with oxygen substituents at C-14 and C-15 have also been considered to have the desired functionality for cleavage of the 13,14-bond and occurrence of such withanolides (63,93) in physalin-rich plants leads to the belief that these are either precursors or shunt products in the biosynthesis of physalins (13,15). About 18 physalins are known today; six of them are heptacyclic and the others are oct acyclic.…”

Antiproliferative and Anti-inflammatory Withanolides from Physalis angulata

“…The isolated compounds were tested for their antiproliferative effects against human prostate cancer cells (C4-2B and 22Rvl), human renal carcinoma cells (786-O, A-498, and ACHN), and human melanoma cells (A375-S2), as well as inhibitory effects on NO production induced by LPS in macrophages. Compounds 9,17,20,21,25,and 27 showed antiproliferative effects against all tested cancer cells, with IC 50 values of 0.18−7.43 μM. Compounds 3−5, 9− 11, 17, 20−22, 24, 25, and 27 displayed inhibitory effects against NO production, with IC 50 values of 1.36−11.59 μM.…”

“…and N (22), 23 physagulides I (27) 24 and J (17), 24 withaminimin (19), 25 and withaminimin acetonide (23) 25 (Figure 1). …”

Withanolides from Physalis alkekengi var. francheti

“…Together with (1) and (2), six known compounds were identified as physagulin B (3) [7], withangulatin A (4) [7] [8], physalin I (5) [9], withaminimin (6) [10], physagulin J (7) [11] and ergosta-5,25-diene-3b,24x-diol (8) [12] on the basis of their spectroscopic data. Extraction and Isolation.…”