Wirkungen der Mindestlohnregelungen in der Gebäudereinigung

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu Zusammenfassung Die Gebäudereinigungsbranche ist mit einem hohen Anteil der Personalkosten und einer großen Vergleichbarkeit und Standardisierung der angebotenen Dienstleistungen äußerst wettbewerbsintensiv. Die statistischen Voraussetzungen für eine Evaluation der Mindestlohnregelungen waren nicht ideal, was vor allem mit einem sehr hohen Anteil von Teilzeitbeschäftigung und Minijobs zusammenhängt. Die Evaluation basiert auf einer repräsen-tativen Unternehmensbefragung, einer Betriebsrätebefra-gung, Fallstudien und mikroökonometrischen Berechnungen auf der Basis der SIAB. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass der untere Mindestlohn für die Unterhaltsreinigung die "going rate" in der Branche ist, die ansonsten vermutlich deutlich absinken würde. Der Arbeitnehmerschutz hat sich durch eine stärkere Einhaltung der Mindestlöhne infolge der effektiven Kontrollen des Zolls, die auch als wichtiger Wettbewerbsfaktor angesehen werden, verbessert. Terms of use: Documents in Effects of minimum wages in the commercial cleaning sectorAbstract The commercial cleaning industry is characterized by a high proportion of labour costs and a pronounced comparability and standardization of services. The statistical preconditions for the evaluation have not been ideal which is mainly due to the high proportion of part-time work and mini-jobs. The evaluation is based on a representative company survey, a survey of works counsellors, company case studies and microeconometric calculations based on SIAB. The lower minimum pay rate for indoor cleaning tends to be the "going rate" which otherwise might be undercut. Employees' protection has been improved by the more effective controls by the customs which are also assessed as very important for competition. Employment and working time volume have been increasing between 2000 and 2008 and the market share of the commercial cleaning industry has grown compared to cleaners in other industries. The microeconometric analysis reveals all in all no negative impact on employment and suggests that the inclusion of the industry into the Law on the Posting of Workers (AEntG) might have led to shifts from mini-jobs to employment covered by social security.

The making of the German minimum wage: a case study of institutional change

“…In seven of these eight studies, the employment effects were estimated using difference‐in‐differences methods. All the control group estimates came to the conclusion that the industry‐level minimum wages, some of which were relatively high, had had no negative employment effects (Bosch and Weinkopf, ; Möller, ). On the basis of this new evidence and the dissemination of the more recent research on minimum wages from the United States and the UK by non‐mainstream researchers, the conservative labour minister and then the Chancellor herself declared themselves in favour of further minimum wages at industry level.…”

Minimum wage(s) in Germany: origins, enforcement, effects

“…The study included an assessment of eight sectors in which the AEntG was applied. The evaluations published in 2011 unanimously concluded that no systematic negative effects on employment levels could be found, which ended discussions about the termination of sectoral minimum wages due to negative employment effects (Bosch and Weinkopf, 2012). Official evaluations of the SMW came to similar conclusions, albeit with some caveats.…”

Good intentions meet harsh realities: Social dialogue and precarious work in industrial cleaning

“…Looking specifically at Denmark and Germany, part-time work – especially contracts of fewer than 15 weekly working hours – is widespread in both countries’ cleaning sectors, with as many as 42% holding such contracts in Denmark compared to 50% in Germany (Table 1). These numbers are considerably higher than just a few decades ago, although the volume of working hours has remained fairly stable, at least in Germany, indicating a marked shift in cleaning employment towards part-time and marginal part-time work (Bosch et al, 2012; Larsen et al, 2019; Riedel, 2012) (Table 1).…”

“…Therefore, these workers may receive a wage below the sector minimum when calculated on an hourly basis for the time they have worked. A particular form of such performance-related pay systems is the so-called ‘object wages’ method ( Objekt-Löhne ) in Germany, under which the cleaning companies agree to pay a lump sum for a specified ‘object’ (Bosch et al, 2012). In Denmark, a similar performance pay system exists – the so-called work-pace 130 scheme (Arbejdstakt 130) – where workers are expected to clean at a pace that corresponds to walking 7.49 km per hour, according to Danish interviewees (DI et al, 2017).…”

“…The first issue to tackle with precarious employment has always been the question of low pay. Both employers and trade unions have for a long time supported the extension of the sector collective framework agreements to cover all companies in the sector, whether they are members of an employer association having signed the collective agreement or not (Bosch et al, 2012). In 2007, for the first time, both parties agreed on the need for the introduction of a sector-wide minimum wage, which was extended under the German Posted Workers Law to include foreign companies (Kathmann, 2017).…”