Wireless Measurement of Elastic and Plastic Deformation by a Metamaterial-Based Sensor

Ozbey, Burak; Demir, Hilmi Volkan; Kurç, Özgür; Ertürk, Vakur B.; Altintas, A.

doi:10.3390/s141019609

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In a practical sensing application, after the fabrication, d and l can be adjusted to determine f res before the NSRR is installed as a sensor. By the coupling between a transceiver antenna and the NSRR, the resonance of NSRR can be observed in the form of a peak at the reflection coefficient of the antenna [30], [31]. Therefore, in these simulations, the whole measurement setup is simulated including the antennas.…”

Section: B Full-wave Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Equivalent Circuit Model for Nested Split-Ring Resonators

Ozbey

Altintas

Demir

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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Abstract-In this paper, an equivalent circuit model for nested split-ring resonators (NSRRs) is proposed. NSRRs are an emerging class of split ring resonators, preferred in a range of areas from sensing in biomedical or civil engineering applications to antenna design, due to their more compact size and enhanced sensitivity/resolution characteristics over the conventional SRRs. In the proposed model, the NSRR structure is treated as a combination of basic elements, i.e., strips and gaps, and the electromagnetic characteristics of the whole geometry are expressed in terms of capacitances and inductances of each of these elements. The outputs of the model are compared with those obtained via full-wave simulations using the package programs as well as measurements. The variation of NSRR resonance frequency ( f res ) with all important design parameters is also compared with full-wave simulations. In all comparisons, the results demonstrate agreement, showing that the proposed model can correctly explain the electromagnetics of the NSRR structure and that it provides an intuitive way for a better and easier analysis and a preliminary design of normally complex structures.Index Terms-Equivalent circuit model, nested split-ring resonator (NSRR), split-ring resonator (SRR), strain/displacement sensor, wireless passive sensor.

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Section: B Full-wave Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Equivalent Circuit Model for Nested Split-Ring Resonators

Ozbey

Altintas

Demir

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…4. This is valid for any of the scenarios shown in [33] and [34]. For the purpose of calibration, a numerical fit can thus be applied to these curves as follows: In 2, the parameters k 1 and B are constants, and remain the same for each l value and for the whole d range.…”

Section: Measurements In Free Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed information about the specific comb-like NSRR design used in the sensor can be found in [33] and [34]. The structure and the dimensions of the split comb-like NSRR geometry employed in this paper as well as in [33] and [34] are shown in Fig. 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a novel wireless and passive displacement and strain sensor configuration for SHM has been proposed by our group [33], [34]. This sensor basically works by the principle of creating a coupled system between an NSRR probe and an antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resolution of the sensor was shown to be sub-μm, with a tracked displacement range up to 20 mm, possessing a sensitivity level of 10 MHz/mm for a 2 mm range. In [34], the sensing probe was attached on a standard construction reinforcing bar, employed in critical regions of a building such as columns and beams. The rebar was pulled in a high-scale loading setup, where a force up to 36,7 kN was applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Wireless Sensing in Complex Electromagnetic Media: Construction Materials and Structural Monitoring

et al. 2015

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Abstract-In this paper, wireless sensing in the presence of complex electromagnetic media created by combinations of reinforcing bars and concrete is investigated. The wireless displacement sensing system, primarily designed for use in structural health monitoring (SHM), is composed of a comb-like nested split-ring resonator (NSRR) probe and a transceiver antenna. Although each complex medium scenario is predicted to have a detrimental effect on sensing in principle, it is demonstrated that the proposed sensor geometry is able to operate fairly well in all scenarios except one. In these scenarios that mimic real-life SHM, it is shown that this sensor exhibits a high displacement resolution of 1 µm, a good sensitivity of 7 MHz/mm in average, and a high dynamic range extending over 20 mm. For the most disruptive scenario of placing concrete immediately behind NSRR, a solution based on employing a separator behind the probe is proposed to overcome the handicaps introduced by the medium. In order to obtain a one-to-one mapping from the measured frequency shift to the displacement, a numerical fit is proposed and used. The effects of several complex medium scenarios on this fit are discussed. These results indicate that the proposed sensing scheme works well in real-life SHM applications.Index Terms-Wireless passive sensor, displacement sensor, strain sensor, nested split ring resonator (NSRR), concrete,

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Application of Metamaterial Surface Plasmon and Waveguide for Robotic-Arm Based Structural Health Monitoring

Annamdas

Soh

2018

J Nondestruct Eval

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Several electromagnetic (EM) metamaterial designs and their variants, such as localized surface plasmons (LSPs), with ultra sensing capabilities for structural health monitoring (SHM) have emerged in the last few years. These LSPs, in a confined configuration with the 'engineering structure under inspection' generate a unique diagnosable surface plosmons/ wave as output, when subjected to input EM waves in the near fields. This paper presents a procedure to enhance the output surface wave zone by adopting them in a nonconfining configurations. A novel procedure of transferring 'surface waves' from within the confined boundaries of LSP to far-off distance along a guided path is presented. This is achieved for both confined and non-confined configurations to monitor displacements as small as th 100 1 of a mm and as large as 10's of cms, respectively, highlighting the wider scope for real world applications. In experiments, the input EM waves were supplied by the vector network analyser, and the output surface waves were collected by the same via a 2D robotic scanner, controlled using custom software. Metallic specimens in confined configuration such as 'aluminium' shell and beam were used for monitoring "angular" and "vertical" deformations. Further, non-metallic specimens in non-confined configurations such as 'rubber' bicycle tube and 'concrete' blocks were used for monitoring "pressure" and "horizontal" displacements. Flexibility of a LSP sensor allowed its easy attachment to various specimens by bending and twisting which ranged from linear ( 0 0 ) to double bent ( 0 180 ) shapes. This paper provides a window of opportunity for SHM application of bendable metamaterials using waveguides and robots.

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Wireless Measurement of Elastic and Plastic Deformation by a Metamaterial-Based Sensor

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

An Equivalent Circuit Model for Nested Split-Ring Resonators

An Equivalent Circuit Model for Nested Split-Ring Resonators

Wireless Sensing in Complex Electromagnetic Media: Construction Materials and Structural Monitoring

Application of Metamaterial Surface Plasmon and Waveguide for Robotic-Arm Based Structural Health Monitoring

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