“…For instance, wireless EEGs were used for hyper-scanning two pianists performing a piano duet ( Zamm et al, 2020 ); and wireless systems were used to simultaneously collect physiological activity (e.g., electrocardiogram, facial muscle electromyogram, respiration, heart rates) from whole audiences (∼40 participants per concert) attending live string quintet performances ( Czepiel et al, 2021 ; Merrill et al, 2021 ; Tschacher et al, 2021 ). In particular, the feasibility of a wireless in-ear EEG system has drawn considerable attention ( Looney et al, 2014 ; Bleichner and Emkes, 2020 ; Nithya and Ramesh, 2020 ). A built-in EEG system in everyday devices (e.g., wireless in-ear headphones) might open a new possibility of collecting neural data from millions of people while they listen to their favorite music in their day-to-day lives.…”