Wintertime Arctic Ocean sea water properties and primary marine    aerosol concentrations

Zábori, J.; Krejci, Radovan; Ekman, Annica M. L.; Mårtensson, E. M.; Ström, Johan; Leeuw, G. de; Nilsson, E. Douglas

doi:10.5194/acp-12-10405-2012

Cited by 41 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One main finding of the Zábori et al (2012a) study was that the marine particle number concentration decreased by at least four times with an increase in water temperature from −1 • C to about 6 • C. For higher water temperatures (upper measurement limit was 9 • C), the particle number concentration remained relatively constant. In this study we will examine if the trend found by Zábori et al (2012a) is consistent with measurements conducted using Arctic Ocean water at higher water temperatures, sampled during summertime, despite an expected higher biological activity during the polar day period (Hodal et al, 2012). To this end, the dependency of the total particle number concentration and number size distribution on the water temperature, for the same temperature range, is compared for summer-and wintertime measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Zábori et al, 2012a for winter experiments). Nevertheless some differences in water flow and dilution rate by clean air occurred.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1a), in a marine laboratory during late Arctic summer conditions (from 24 August to 7 September 2009) and late Arctic winter conditions (from the 15 February to the 7 March 2010; cf. Zábori et al, 2012a). Sampling locations were selected to account for outer and inner fjord conditions, where the latter were influenced by glacial meltwater (Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a comparison between the different studies is not straightforward due to different experimental setups and water origins. Zábori et al (2012a) conducted, to our knowledge, the only systematic study so far combining physical properties of Arctic Ocean water (water temperature, salinity, oxygen saturation) with marine aerosol characteristics. One main finding of the Zábori et al (2012a) study was that the marine particle number concentration decreased by at least four times with an increase in water temperature from −1 • C to about 6 • C. For higher water temperatures (upper measurement limit was 9 • C), the particle number concentration remained relatively constant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zábori et al (2012a) conducted, to our knowledge, the only systematic study so far combining physical properties of Arctic Ocean water (water temperature, salinity, oxygen saturation) with marine aerosol characteristics. One main finding of the Zábori et al (2012a) study was that the marine particle number concentration decreased by at least four times with an increase in water temperature from −1 • C to about 6 • C. For higher water temperatures (upper measurement limit was 9 • C), the particle number concentration remained relatively constant. In this study we will examine if the trend found by Zábori et al (2012a) is consistent with measurements conducted using Arctic Ocean water at higher water temperatures, sampled during summertime, despite an expected higher biological activity during the polar day period (Hodal et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primary marine aerosols (PMAs) are an important source of cloud condensation nuclei, and one of the key elements of the remote marine radiative budget. Changes occurring in the rapidly warming Arctic, most importantly the decreasing sea ice extent, will alter PMA production and hence the Arctic climate through a set of feedback processes. In light of this, laboratory experiments with Arctic Ocean water during both Arctic winter and summer were conducted and focused on PMA emissions as a function of season and water properties. Total particle number concentrations and particle number size distributions were used to characterize the PMA population. A comprehensive data set from the Arctic summer and winter showed a decrease in PMA concentrations for the covered water temperature (T_w) range between −1°C and 15°C. A sharp decrease in PMA emissions for a T_w increase from −1°C to 4°C was followed by a lower rate of change in PMA emissions for T_w up to about 6°C. Near constant number concentrations for water temperatures between 6°C to 10°C and higher were recorded. Even though the total particle number concentration changes for overlapping T_w ranges were consistent between the summer and winter measurements, the distribution of particle number concentrations among the different sizes varied between the seasons. Median particle number concentrations for a dry diameter (D_p< 0.125μm measured during winter conditions were similar (deviation of up to 3%), or lower (up to 70%) than the ones measured during summer conditions (for the same water temperature range). For D_p > 0.125μm, the particle number concentrations during winter were mostly higher than in summer (up to 50%). The normalized particle number size distribution as a function of water temperature was examined for both winter and summer measurements. An increase in T_w from −1°C to 10°C during winter measurements showed a decrease in the peak of relative particle number concentration at about a D_p of 0.180μm, while an increase was observed for particles with D_p > 1μm. Summer measurements exhibited a relative shift to smaller particle sizes for an increase of T_w in the range 7–11°C. The differences in the shape of the number size distributions between winter and summer may be caused by different production of organic material in water, different local processes modifying the water masses within the fjord (for example sea ice production in winter and increased glacial meltwater inflow during summer) and different origin of the dominant sea water mass. Further research is needed regarding the contribution of these factors to the PMA production

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Zábori et al, 2012a for winter experiments). Nevertheless some differences in water flow and dilution rate by clean air occurred.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

On the seawater temperature dependence of the sea spray aerosol generated by a continuous plunging jet

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key Points:• Particle concentrations decreased as seawater temperature increased to ∼9°C • Bubbles with r film < 2 mm decreased as seawater temperature increased to ∼9°C• Particle concentration was correlated with bubble density at the water surface Abstract Breaking waves on the ocean surface produce bubbles which, upon bursting, deliver seawater constituents into the atmosphere as sea spray aerosol particles. One way of investigating this process in the laboratory is to generate a bubble plume by a continuous plunging jet. We performed a series of laboratory experiments to elucidate the role of seawater temperature on aerosol production from artificial seawater free from organic contamination using a plunging jet. The seawater temperature was varied from −1.3• C to 30.1 • C, while the volume of air entrained by the jet, surface bubble size distributions, and size distribution of the aerosol particles produced was monitored. We observed that the volume of air entrained decreased as the seawater temperature was increased. The number of surface bubbles with film radius smaller than 2 mm decreased nonlinearly with seawater temperature. This decrease was coincident with a substantial reduction in particle production. The number concentrations of particles with dry diameter less than ∼1 m decreased substantially as the seawater temperature was increased from −1.3With further increase in seawater temperature (up to 30• C), a small increase in the number concentration of larger particles (dry diameter >∼0.3 m) was observed. Based on these observations, we infer that as seawater temperature increases, the process of bubble fragmentation changes, resulting in decreased air entrainment by the plunging jet, as well as the number of bubbles with film radius smaller than 2 mm. This again results in decreased particle production with increasing seawater temperature.

show abstract

The influence of marine microbial activities on aerosol production: A laboratory mesocosm study

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The oceans cover most of the Earth's surface, contain nearly half the total global primary biomass productivity, and are a major source of atmospheric aerosol particles. Here we experimentally investigate links between biological activity in seawater and sea spray aerosol (SSA) flux, a relationship of potential significance for organic aerosol loading and cloud formation over the oceans and thus for climate globally. Bubbles were generated in laboratory mesocosm experiments either by recirculating impinging water jets or glass frits. Experiments were conducted with Atlantic Ocean seawater collected off the eastern end of Long Island, NY, and with artificial seawater containing cultures of bacteria and phytoplankton Thalassiosira pseudonana, Emiliania huxleyi, and Nannochloris atomus. Changes in SSA size distributions occurred during all phases of bacterial and phytoplankton growth, as characterized by cell concentrations, dissolved organic carbon, total particulate carbon, and transparent exopolymer particles (gel-forming polysaccharides representing a major component of biogenic exudate material). Over a 2 week growth period, SSA particle concentrations increased by a factor of less than 2 when only bacteria were present and by a factor of about 3 when bacteria and phytoplankton were present. Production of jet-generated SSA particles of diameter less than 200 nm increased with time, while production of all particle diameters increased with time when frits were used. The implications of a marine biological activity dependent SSA flux are discussed.

show abstract

Wintertime Arctic Ocean sea water properties and primary marine aerosol concentrations

Cited by 41 publications

References 63 publications

Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

On the seawater temperature dependence of the sea spray aerosol generated by a continuous plunging jet

The influence of marine microbial activities on aerosol production: A laboratory mesocosm study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About