Winter peak of respiratory syncytial virus in Islamabad

Tariq, Waheed-uz-Zaman; Waqar, Talal; Ali, Salman; Ghani, Eijaz

doi:10.1258/0049475053001958

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Our findings are also consistent with a previous study conducted in a large public sector tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan . On the other hand, a study from Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan, showed that RSV was frequently detected from December through February . This is likely due to climatic differences between different cities, with Islamabad and Rawalpindi having temperate climate while Karachi having milder, coastal climate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

RSV associated hospitalizations in children in Karachi, Pakistan: Implications for vaccine prevention strategies

Ali

Yousafzai

Waris

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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Major progress is being made in vaccines against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), with multiple vaccine candidates currently in the clinical phase of development. Making an investment case for public sector financing of RSV vaccine will require estimation of burden, cost-effectiveness and impact. The aim of this study is to determine the proportion, age distribution and clinical spectrum of RSV associated hospitalizations in children in Karachi, Pakistan. A three years prospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University hospital in Karachi, a city of 20 million in south Pakistan, from August 2009 to June 2012. Children less than five years old admitted with acute respiratory infections (ARI) were enrolled. Throat swabs were collected and tested for RSV using real-time PCR. Multivariable log binomial regression analysis was performed to identify the associated factors of RSV infection. Out of 1150 children enrolled, RSV was detected among 223 (19%). Highest rate of RSV detection was in young infants less than 3 months of age (48/168, 29%), which accounted for 22% of all RSV detected. Most common diagnosis in RSV positive infants (<12 months of age) was bronchiolitis followed by pneumonia, while in older children between the ages of one and five years of age, pneumonia and asthma were the most common diagnosis. Although identified year-round, RSV was most prevalent from August to October with peak in September, coinciding with the rainy season. This study identified RSV to be independently associated with younger age (p=0.036), rainy season (p<0.001), post-tussive emesis (p=0.008), intubation (p=0.003) and discharge diagnosis of bronchiolitis (p=0.004). Vaccines against RSV that target this age group are likely to yield remarkable benefit.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

RSV associated hospitalizations in children in Karachi, Pakistan: Implications for vaccine prevention strategies

Ali

Yousafzai

Waris

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Children aged between 2 months and 3 years were enrolled for study. Results pointed out the significant increase of about 50% in activity of RSV in winter . Another study conducted in Agha Khan University Hospital, Karachi identified 27 positive cases for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from different pediatric units of Rawalpindi and Islamabad for analysis purpose. Eighty samples showed positivity for RSV with a clear peak activity in winter season . Another study conducted in Karachi from August 2009 to September 2011 reported 13 out of the 27 cases diagnosed with pneumonia which were positive for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of acute viral respiratory infections common in Pakistan: A review

Naz

Gul

Javed

et al. 2018

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Summary Respiratory infections, especially those of the lower respiratory tract, remain a foremost cause of mortality and morbidity of children greater than 5 years in developing countries including Pakistan. Ignoring these acute‐level infections may lead to complications. Particularly in Pakistan, respiratory infections account for 20% to 30% of all deaths of children. Even though these infections are common, insufficiency of accessible data hinders development of a comprehensive summary of the problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence rate in various regions of Pakistan and also to recognize the existing viral strains responsible for viral respiratory infections through published data. Respiratory viruses are detected more frequently among rural dwellers in Pakistan. Lower tract infections are found to be more lethal. The associated pathogens comprise respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), coronavirus, enterovirus/rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, and human bocavirus. RSV is more dominant and can be subtyped as RSV‐A and RSV‐B (BA‐9, BA‐10, and BA‐13). Influenza A (H1N1, H5N1, H3N2, and H1N1pdm09) and Influenza B are common among the Pakistani population. Generally, these strains are detected in a seasonal pattern with a high incidence during spring and winter time. The data presented include pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and influenza. This paper aims to emphasise the need for standard methods to record the incidence and etiology of associated pathogens in order to provide effective treatment against viral infections of the respiratory tract and to reduce death rates.

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“…The study from United Arab Emirates provided inconclusive data defining RSV seasonality as it was conducted for only 3 months (September to November) [54]. Seven out of eleven studies from the Eastern Mediterranean were spanned only for short periods less than 12 months, and probably were insufficient to obtain information on seasonality [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] (Table 3). Iran, Tehran [47] Nov 97 -Mar 98 Winter…”

Section: Eastern Mediterraneanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of Respiratory Syncytial Virus - Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (RSV-LRTI) in Children in Developing Countries

Sricharoenchai

Palla

Sanicas

2016

JHVRV

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), an enveloped RNA virus with a non-segmented single-stranded negative-sense genome, is the primary cause of hospitalization in the first year of life for children in most parts of the world. The global estimate in 2005 indicated that at least 33.8 million episodes of RSV associated acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) occurred worldwide in children younger than 5 years and most of these deaths occurred in developing countries. This study aimed to systematically aggregate and analyze published epidemiological data on the seasonality of RSV lower respiratory tract infections in young children in developing countries. Articles in English published between 2002 and 2014 were identified through literature searches in PubMed, Web of knowledge, and Embase. The season in which RSV epidemics occur typically depends on geographical location and altitude. It is likely that several factors interact in complex ways in the development of epidemics under favorable climatic conditions.

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Winter peak of respiratory syncytial virus in Islamabad

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

RSV associated hospitalizations in children in Karachi, Pakistan: Implications for vaccine prevention strategies

RSV associated hospitalizations in children in Karachi, Pakistan: Implications for vaccine prevention strategies

Etiology of acute viral respiratory infections common in Pakistan: A review

Seasonality of Respiratory Syncytial Virus - Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (RSV-LRTI) in Children in Developing Countries

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