Wine yeast isozymes. I. Genetic differences in 18 stock cultures

Subden, R. E.; Irwin, David M.; Cunningham, J. D.; Meiering, A. G.

doi:10.1139/m82-156

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Our results differ from those obtained by other authors in studies on the electrophoretic mobility of isoenzymes in the species examined of the genus Saccharomyces as they generally present a greater intraspecific diversity in patterns and fail to separate the four species belonging to Succhuromyces senm stricto (Subden et al, 1982;Yamazaki et al, 1983;Poncet et al, 1992;Lewicka et al, 1995). The experimental conditions, namely the use of certified strains and the time of harvesting the cells, may account for the consistency of these results.…”

Section: Numerical Analysis Of Isoenzyme Profilescontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…1). In similar studies, based on a higher number of enzymes, the authors report as many different ETs as the number of strains under study (Subden et al, 1982;Yamazaki et al, 1983;Poncet et al, 1992). In contrast, Lewicka et al (1995) in studies of genetic diversity based on multilocus starch electrophoresis of seven isoenzymes described 11 different ETs for 27 strains of S. cerevisiae, which is in accordance with our results and indicates that the discriminatory power of the enzymes varies significantly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Distinctive electrophoretic isoenzyme profiles in Saccharomyces sensu stricto

Duarte

Pais

Spencer‐Martins

et al. 1999

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Genetic variation among 35 strains representing the four currently recognized species of Saccharomyces sensu stricto (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus, Saccharomyces pastorianuslcarlsbergensis and Saccharomyces paradoxus) was estimated by analysing the electrophoretic mobilities of nonspecific esterases, acid phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and g I ucose-6-p hosphate de h ydrogenase isoenzymes. Twenty-two electrophoretic types were identified, a result in agreement with the phenotypic and genetic polymorphisms reported for this group of yeasts. However, the four species were clearly distinguishable based on the patterns obtained using three of the enzymes assayed, the resolving power not being improved by the introduction of data correspondent t o lactate dehydrogenase. The overall diversity was higher among S. cerevisiae isolates, in contrast with 5. paradoxus which showed only two patterns, one of which was common to four of the five strains studied. Concordant results from the application of the method and DNA hybridization experiments demonstrate its value for identification purposes.

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Section: Numerical Analysis Of Isoenzyme Profilescontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Distinctive electrophoretic isoenzyme profiles in Saccharomyces sensu stricto

Duarte

Pais

Spencer‐Martins

et al. 1999

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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“…In contrast, other studies have shown that the cultivated yeasts S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus, and S. pastorianus are very polymorphic for many enzymes (10,32,39). For example, among 18 S. cerevisiae isolates taken from stock cultures of wine yeasts, no two yeasts had identical electrophoretic patterns for five enzymes studied (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Enzyme electrophoresis has been widely used in population genetic studies of bacteria and higher eucaryotes and in some fungi (8,36,37,40,41), but the method has not yet been used to study natural yeast populations to any appreciable degree. Limited studies of enzyme polymorphism in the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex have been performed, for the most part, with the cultivated yeast S. cerevisiae (10,32,39).…”

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confidence: 99%

Differentiation of European and Far East Asian Populations of Saccharomyces paradoxus by Allozyme Analysis

Наумов

Наумова²,

Sniegowski³

1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Allozyme electrophoresis was used to characterize 39 isolates belonging to the wild yeast species Saccharomyces paradoxus for variation at nine enzyme loci. The data revealed significant genetic differentiation between isolates from two geographically distinct regions, one including continental Europe and the other including the Russian Far East and Japan. The results are consistent with previous observations indicating that there is partial reproductive isolation between isolates collected from these regions, and they suggest the possibility that these two populations represent an early stage in speciation.The evolutionary genetics of yeasts has received little attention compared with the classical and molecular genetics of these organisms, especially as developed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Indeed, S. cerevisiae is widely regarded as a domesticated organism and is seldom collected away from sources related to human activity, so that studies of wild S. cerevisiae populations are problematical. However, at least six sibling species have been identified in the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex (S. cerevisiae, Saccharomyces paradoxus, Saccharomyces bayanus Hansen, one Brazilian Saccharomyces sp., and two Japanese Saccharomyces spp.) by genetic analysis (15, 18) and DNA-DNA reassociation studies (7,(33)(34)(35)38), and some of these species appear to exist only in the wild state; that is, they are not found in any human baking or fermenting applications. Significantly, classification in the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex is in accord with the biological species concept (12); interspecific matings yield viable hybrids, but these hybrids produce nonviable ascospores and are consequently sterile. In contrast, the products of intraspecific matings produce highly viable ascospores (13-15, 21, 23). The existence of interfertile populations of wild Saccharomyces yeasts opens the way to studies of the evolutionary systematics and population genetics of yeasts similar to studies conducted with higher eukaryotes and various other fungi (27,28,36,37). In this paper, we describe a study of genetic variation in wild populations of S. paradoxus.S. paradoxus Batchinskaya (synonyms, S. cerevisiae var. tetrasporus (Beijerinck ex Dekker) Phaff et al., S. cerevisiae var. terrestris Jensen, and Saccharomyces douglasii nom. nud. [ 14, 191) is the closest relative of S. cerevisiae Hansen. The level of total DNA homology (as determined by reassociation studies) between S. cerevisiae and S. paradoxus is approximately 50%. (Some recent studies found considerably higher levels of homology between DNA sequences from individual genetic loci [l, 111). The levels of total DNA homology between S. cerevisiae and the other sibling species are lower (7,(33)(34)(35)38). While performing genetic identification studies of S. paradoxus isolates collected in various regions of the world, we noticed that isolates collected in Europe formed highly fertile hybrids with a reference tester strain of S. paradoxus from Denmark, whereas isolates colle...

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“…Recently the genus Saccharomyces has been investigated chemotaxonomically to elucidate the relationships of its species (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). The electrophoretic patterns of its enzymes were also studied (23,24), but these studies were restricted to S. cerevisiae and were very limited taxonomically and physiologically.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%