Wind tunnel tests on heavy road vehicles: Cross wind induced loads—Part 2

Transient cross-wind aerodynamic loads on a generic vehicle due to bora gusts

“…The general trend observed for three different repetition rates remains the same. In addition, previous results for train and road vehicles (e.g., Baker, 1991aBaker, , 1991bBaker, , 1991cCheli et al, 2011aCheli et al, , 2011b reported similar trends for the rolling moment and the side force that is not the case in this study. Differences observed are possibly due to an overestimation of the lift contribution in the rolling moment evaluation in this study, as the underbody flow was not accounted for here, as well as due to differences in design of the leading edge of the bridge.…”

“…In addition, those results were used to develop a data-driven model for transient crosswind loads on vehicles (Jokić et al, 2011). Recent studies on wind loading of road and rail vehicles also include Quinn et al, 2007;Sterling et al, 2009Sterling et al, , 2010Cheli et al, 2006Cheli et al, , 2011aCheli et al, , 2011bBaker, 2010. In this study, a series of experiments has been carried out to investigate transient wind loading of vehicles on bridges. Pressure measurements taken at the vehicle model surface were presented as forces and moments experienced by the vehicle, dependent upon the wind gusts' strength and repetition rate of the gusting wind.…”

A numerical–experimental methodology for simulating the aerodynamic forces acting on a moving vehicle passing through the wake of a bridge tower under cross wind

“…As expected (Cheli et al, 2006;Sterling et al, 2010;Cheli et al, 2011a), the lateral force coefficient linearly increases passing from 01 to 451, then it remains almost constant (transition from slender body to bluff body behavior) and finally drops down to zero passing from 1351 to 1801. The yaw moment coefficient is instead almost symmetric with respect to a¼901 presenting its maximum amplitude in correspondence of 451 (Cheli et al, 2011a;Cheli et al, 2011b).…”

“…Experimental tests have been carried out, at the Politecnico di Milano wind tunnel (and are widely described in Argentini et al (2011)) on scaled models, representing an articulated truck as representative of a high-sided vehicle sensitive to cross wind (Baker, 1998;Rocchi et al, 2010;Sterling et al, 2010;Cheli et al, 2011a;Cheli et al, 2011b). Two scaled models of the vehicle have been reproduced in 1:40 scale and their main dimensions are reported in full scale in Fig.…”

A coupled wind-vehicle-bridge system and its applications: a review

“…The aerodynamic force coefficients of vehicles were found to vary with the vehicle"s motion state, the vehicle position relative to others, and the terrain characteristics (Baker 1986b). To investigate the gust effect on ground vehicles, a special testing track was designed and constructed to measure the transient load on the vehicle passing through the gust wind with various resultant yaw angles (Cairns 1994) and it was found that the effect of turbulence is fairly obvious at high yaw angles (Cheli et al 2011b). A numerical simulation of unsteady cross wind aerodynamics considering the wind-gust boundary layer profiles illustrated that the force coefficients showed highly transient behavior under gusty conditions (Favre 2011).…”