Wind Profiles in a Coastal Forest of Japanese Black Pine (<i>Pinus thunbergii</i> Parl.) with Different Thinning Intensities

Zhu, Jiaojun; Matsuyama, Takashi; Gonda, Yutaka

doi:10.1007/bf02762470

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Small LT indicates a sparse main canopy of planted M. glyptostroboides and a relatively dense understory consisted of naturally regenerated tress such as B. papyrifera. As a result, the shelterbelt would only provide a relatively shorter shelter distance because of its high porosity resulted from a sparse main canopy (Zhu et al 2001;Torita and Satou 2007). On the other hand, when LT is large, trees in the understory disappear due to shading from a dense M. glyptostroboides canopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Wang

et al. 2012

Agroforest Syst

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In a Metasequoia glyptostroboides coastal forest shelterbelt near Shanghai, China, we studied relationships between stand structure and wind shelter effect. We located 16 plots at intervals of 500 m along the shelterbelt and characterized both horizontal and vertical structure of each plot. Wind speed was measured within each plot and at different distances windward and leeward. We found that wind shelter effects were closely related to stand structure of the studied M. glyptostroboides shelterbelt. Stands with high basal area but intermediate crown index and intermediate proportion of large trees (LT) produced the best shelter effects, with significantly longer shelter distance (d70, shelter distance which the wind speed U does not exceed 70 % of U 0 ) and slightly lower minimum relative wind speed (U m /U 0 ). Simple structural indices that can be easily measured in the field were good predictors of the shelter effect. LT was the best predictor of d70, while basal area at ground level was the best predictor of U m /U 0 . The relationships between stand structure and shelter effect provides a practical guideline to the design, construction and management of forest shelterbelts. In order to provide the best shelter effects, high basal area of [50 m 2 ha -1 at ground level or[33 m 2 ha -1 at breast height coupled with an intermediate LT value of about 60 % should be maintained for the studied M. glyptostroboides shelterbelt.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Wang

et al. 2012

Agroforest Syst

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“…Coastal forests play a significant protective function in reducing natural disasters in the coastal zone [ 28 , 29 ]. Pinus thunbergii is one of the most important tree species in coastal forests of the Japanese islands and Shandong Province, China [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Age and Stand Density of Mother Trees on EarlyPinus thunbergiiSeedling Establishment in the Coastal Zone, China

Mao

Wang

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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Effects of age and stand density of mother tree on seed germination, seedling biomass allocation, and seedling growth of Pinus thunbergii were studied. The results showed that age of mother tree did not have significant influences on seed germination, but it was significant on seedling biomass allocation and growth. Seedlings from the minimum and maximum age of mother tree had higher leaf mass ratio and lower root mass ratio than from the middle age of mother tree. Moreover, they also had higher relative height growth rate and slenderness, which were related to their biomass allocation. Stand density of mother tree mainly demonstrated significant effects on seed germination and seedling growth. Seed from higher stand density of mother tree did not decrease germination rate, but had higher mean germination time, indicating that it delayed germination process. Seedlings of higher stand density of mother tree showed higher relative height growth rate and slenderness. These traits of offspring from higher stand density of mother tree were similar to its mother, indicating significant environmental maternal effects. So, mother tree identity of maternal age and environments had important effects on natural regeneration of the coastal P. thunbergii forest.

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“…It can influence microclimates in the stand, gasexchange within the ecosystem (Oker-Blom, Kellomaki, & Smolander, 1983;Wang & Jarvis, 1990;Whitehead, Grace, & Godfrey, 1990;Brunner, 1998;Mizunaga, 2000Mizunaga, , 2007Zhu, Matsuzaki, & Gonda, 2001;MacFarlane, Green, Brunner, & Amateis, 2003), stem shape (Oohata & Shinozaki, 1979;Chiba, Fujimori, & Kiyono, 1988;Osawa, 1990), and the outcome of competition among neighboring trees (Sumida, 1996). Many measurements of the vertical distribution of foliage have used the stratified clip technique (Monshi & Saeki, 1953) or modified methods (Pulkkinen, 1991;Maguire & Bennett, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is Foliage Within Crowns ofCryptomeria japonicaMore Heterogeneous and Clumpy With Age?

Mizunaga

Fujii

2013

Journal of Sustainable Forestry

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Foliage clumping structure is important for forest ecological functions but has not yet been quantitatively analyzed. We examined how foliage clustering within crowns of Cryptomeria japonica changed with age. We sampled 10 trees from four monospecific stands with different ages from 20-to 88-years-old, and measured foliage mass density in cubic cells. Three indices of foliage clumpiness-coefficient of variance, Moran's I for aggregation of foliage density, and cluster fragmentation-correlated with the proportion of foliage gaps. As trees aged, foliage distributed more heterogeneously and clusters fragmented. Clumping in old crowns improves light interception under direct light conditions.

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Wind Profiles in a Coastal Forest of Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) with Different Thinning Intensities

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Effects of Age and Stand Density of Mother Trees on EarlyPinus thunbergiiSeedling Establishment in the Coastal Zone, China

Is Foliage Within Crowns ofCryptomeria japonicaMore Heterogeneous and Clumpy With Age?

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