Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Wu, Tonggui; Yu, Mukui; Wang, Geoff; Wang, Zongxing; Xi, Duan; Dong, Yi; Cheng, Xiang‐Rong

doi:10.1007/s10457-012-9540-6

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The effect of windbreaks on wind speed reduction is stated in the range of 20 to 35 H (H − height of the windbreak) on the leeward side (Heisler & DeWalle 1988;Abel et al 1997;Vigiak et al 2003;Brandle et al 2004;Janeček et al 2012). According to Wu et al (2013) the effect of windbreaks is up to the distance of 10 H; at a farther distance the efficiency of windbreaks was not proven. Torita and Satou (2007) defined the shelter distance as a parameter called d70 which is within the distance U/U 0 < 0.7 (U 0 -windward speed, U -leeward speed).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of windbreaks on wind speed reduction and soil protection against wind erosion

Řeháček¹,

Khel²,

Kučera³

et al. 2017

Soil Water Res.

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AbstractŘeháček D., Khel T., Kučera J., Vopravil J., Petera M. (2017): Effect of windbreaks on wind speed reduction and soil protection against wind erosion. Soil & Water Res., 12: 128−135.Windbreaks form efficient soil protection against wind erosion particularly at the time when soil cover is not protected by the cultivated plant vegetation cover. The objective of this research was to evaluate windbreaks efficiency in terms of wind speed reduction. Wind speed along the windbreaks was measured in the cadastral areas of Dobrovíz and Středokluky (Czech Republic, Central Europe). The measurement was carried out by 4 stations placed at windward side (1 station at the distance of 3 times the height of the windbreak) and at leeward side of the windbreak (3 stations at the distance of 3, 6, and 9 times the height of the windbreak). Each station contained 2 anemometers situated 0.5 and 1 m above surface. The character of windbreak was described by terrestrial photogrammetry method as the value of optical porosity from the photo documentation of the windbreak at the time of field measurement. A significant dependence between the value of optical porosity and efficiency of windbreak emerged from the results. The correlation coefficient between optical porosity and wind speed reduction was in the range of 0.842 to 0.936 (statistical significance more than 95%). A significant effect of windbreak on airflow reduction was proven on the leeward side of windbreak in a belt corresponding to approximately six times the height of the windbreaks depending on the optical porosity and it was expressed by a polynomial equation.

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confidence: 99%

Effect of windbreaks on wind speed reduction and soil protection against wind erosion

Řeháček¹,

Khel²,

Kučera³

et al. 2017

Soil Water Res.

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“…Most of these results are based on the studies of coniferous windbreaks that maintain a similar foliage density regardless of season. Consequently, to maximize windbreak effectiveness, windbreak design for coniferous trees has focused on the spatial arrangement of tree plantation (Skidmore and Hagen 1970, Hagen et al 1981, Heisler and Dewalle 1988, Zhang et al 1995b, Wu et al 2013. Although fewer studies have focused on deciduous windbreaks, researchers have recognized that the amount of foliage, which determines deciduous windbreak density, varies with seasonal phonological stages (Finch 1988, Loeffler et al 1992.…”

Section: Study Site and Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal effectiveness of a Korean traditional deciduous windbreak in reducing wind speed

Koh¹,

Park²,

Kang³

et al. 2014

J. Ecol. Environ.

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Little is known about how the increased porosity of a deciduous windbreak, which results from loss of leaves, influences wind speed reduction. We hypothesized that, with loss of foliage, the wind speed reduction effectiveness of a deciduous windbreak decreases on near leeward side but not on further leeward side and that wind speed recovers faster in the full foliage season than in other seasons. During summer, autumn, and winter (full, medium, and non-foliage season, respectively), we observed wind speed and direction around a deciduous windbreak in a traditional Korean village on windward and near and further leeward sides (at -8H, 2H, and 6H; H = 20 m, a windbreak height). We used a linear mixed effects model to determine that the relative wind speed reduction at 2H significantly decreased from 83% to 48% (F 2,111.97 = 73.6, P < 0.0001) with the loss of foliage. However, the relative wind speed reduction at 6H significantly increased from 26% to 43% (F 2,98.54 = 18.5, P < 0.0001). Consequently, wind speed recovery rate between 2H and 6H in summer was two times higher than in autumn and ten times higher than in winter (F 2,102.93 = 223.1, P < 0.0001). These results indicate that deciduous windbreaks with full foliage seem to induce large turbulence and increase wind speed recovery rate on leeward side. Our study suggests that further research is needed to find the optimal foliage density of a deciduous windbreak for maximizing windbreak effectiveness regardless of seasonal foliage changes.

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“…Coastal areas are the most developed regions in China, with the fastest rates of urbanization and the highest population density. These areas play a decisive part in the national economy and in social development (Santiago, Martin, Cuerva, Bezdenejnykh, & SanzAndres, ; T. Wu et al, ). However, natural disasters—such as typhoons, salinization, storm surges, high waves, tsunamis, and red tides—frequently occur in coastal regions, posing threats to economic and social development and to people's lives and property (Lozoya, Sardá, & Jiménez, ; L. Wu et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of coastline shelterbelts and assessment of their environmental effects in Yuyao, China

et al. 2018

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There is 18,000 km of coastline in China. It is extremely important to construct coastal shelterbelts as they have a unique and irreplaceable role in the prevention and mitigation of natural disasters and in maintaining the ecological balance of coastal regions. A coastal shelterbelt was constructed near Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province, and three plots (wasteland, farmland, and forest) were studied to investigate the effects of environmental factors on the diversity of herbaceous plants. The environmental benefits were analyzed by field surveys and soil sampling. A total of 31 species from 30 genera and 14 families of halophyte and salt‐tolerant grasses were found in the survey area. The wasteland included 21 species from 20 genera and 9 families, whereas the shelterbelt forest had 19 species from 19 genera and 8 families, with Poaceae and Asteraceae dominating. Moreover, the Sørensen coefficient for the shelterbelt forest and wasteland was 65 and that for the shelterbelt forest and farmland was 55.56. Additionally, the salinity decreased from 0.52% to 0.02% after 2 years, similar to the value for farmland that has been cultivated for decades. The organic matter content increased from 5.1 to 9.5 g/kg, and the total nitrogen content increased from 0.34 to 0.47 g/kg. We concluded that coastline shelterbelts could be successfully established on the muddy coast. With coastline shelterbelts growing, the structure and diversity of herbaceous plants were affected, and the soil conditions were improved. Therefore, the construction of shelterbelt forest would improve the coastal landscape and enhance soil properties, accelerating the succession of herbaceous plants.

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Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of windbreaks on wind speed reduction and soil protection against wind erosion

Effect of windbreaks on wind speed reduction and soil protection against wind erosion

Seasonal effectiveness of a Korean traditional deciduous windbreak in reducing wind speed

Construction of coastline shelterbelts and assessment of their environmental effects in Yuyao, China

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