Wind Power on Weak Grids in California and the US Midwest

Romanowitz, H.

doi:10.1002/0470012684.ch12

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 1 publication

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“…It is essential that the probability distribution for Y incorporates these availabilities appropriately. The effective capacity factor can also be increased by the incorporation of additional assets, in particular electrical energy storage, and a number of studies have evaluated the beneficial effect of combining wind generators with electrical energy storage The use of winter generation data is generally appropriate, but there will be locations where the proportionate reduction in demand in summer is less than the proportionate decrease in relevant circuit thermal ratings.…”

Section: Appraisal Of Capacity Credit Evaluation In P2/6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the contribution of wind farms to distribution network reliability

et al. 2014

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The reliability of power supply to distribution network customers can be increased by embedded generation, including wind farms. The value of this increase in reliability needs to be evaluated, and national standards such as the Great Britain security of supply standard P2/6 seek to do so. This paper appraises the capacity credit evaluation methodology in P2/6 and outlines an alternative methodology to integrate generation with load more effectively, taking into account the topology, loading and reliability of the surrounding network. It concludes that under certain circumstances, the presence of embedded wind generation can allow the deferral of costly network reinforcement projects but that the time for which reinforcement can reasonably be deferred is a function not only of the generators themselves but also of the surrounding network. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Appraisal Of Capacity Credit Evaluation In P2/6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the contribution of wind farms to distribution network reliability

et al. 2014

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Supplying Baseload Power and Reducing Transmission Requirements by Interconnecting Wind Farms

Archer

Jacobson

2007

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

226

113

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Wind is the world's fastest growing electric energy source. Because it is intermittent, though, wind is not used to supply baseload electric power today. Interconnecting wind farms through the transmission grid is a simple and effective way of reducing deliverable wind power swings caused by wind intermittency. As more farms are interconnected in an array, wind speed correlation among sites decreases and so does the probability that all sites experience the same wind regime at the same time. Consequently, the array behaves more and more similarly to a single farm with steady wind speed and thus steady deliverable wind power.In this study, benefits of interconnecting wind farms were evaluated for 19 sites, located in the Midwestern United States, with annual average wind speeds at 80 m above ground, the hub height of modern wind turbines, greater than 6.9 m/s (class 3 or greater).We found that an average of 33% and a maximum of 47% of yearly-averaged wind power from interconnected farms can be used as reliable, baseload electric power. Equally significant, interconnecting multiple wind farms to a common point, then connecting that point to a far-away city can allow the long-distance portion of transmission capacity to be reduced, for example, by 20% with only a 1.6% loss of energy. 2Although most parameters, such as intermittency, improved less than linearly as the number of interconnected sites increased, no saturation of the benefits was found. Thus, the benefits of interconnection continue to increase with more and more interconnected sites.3

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Wind Power on Weak Grids in California and the US Midwest

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Quantifying the contribution of wind farms to distribution network reliability

Quantifying the contribution of wind farms to distribution network reliability

Supplying Baseload Power and Reducing Transmission Requirements by Interconnecting Wind Farms

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