Wind energy planning in England, Wales and Denmark: Factors influencing project success

Realizing the social acceptance of community renewable energy: A process-outcome analysis of stakeholder influence

“…Bomberg and McEwen (2012) suggested that community mobilization for RE is hindered by the political framework. With regard to community acceptance, authors seem to have confirmed that a community ownership approach can mitigate local opposition (McLaren Loring, 2007;Musall and Kuik, 2011;Warren and McFadyen, 2010;Zoellner et al, 2008). Painuly (2001) suggested that the RE technology industry, consumers, NGOs, experts, policymakers and professional associations are, in general, influential stakeholders with whom there should be interaction in order to overcome the barriers to RE deployment.…”

“…The last type of influence has emerged in the research on how stakeholder influence may hinder the development of CRE, especially the political context and community acceptance of CRE schemes (Bomberg and McEwen, 2012;McLaren Loring, 2007;Musall and Kuik, 2011;Warren and McFadyen, 2010;Zoellner et al, 2008). Bomberg and McEwen (2012) suggested that community mobilization for RE is hindered by the political framework.…”

“…Most of the studies in the field of community renewable energy (CRE) development have focused on determining whether or not community involvement leads to less opposition to RE deployment (McLaren Loring, 2007;Musall and Kuik, 2011;Warren and McFadyen, 2010;Walker et al, 2014;Zoellner et al, 2008). Other research has tried to understand if small-scale RE initiatives can contribute to a significant increase in RE capacity (Hain et al, 2005) or promote capacity building (Walker and Devine-Wright, 2008).…”

Local Governments Supporting Local Energy Initiatives: Lessons from the Best Practices of Saerbeck (Germany) and Lochem (The Netherlands)

“…This notion also touches on the presence of (dominant) coalitions at the local level. This aspect is potentially important since local negative attitudes will not as such impede the implementation of wind power projects, for instance, but there will be a greater impact if such attitudes are represented by a stable actor-network [40]; and whether this network of objectors is balanced by pro-wind attitudes [20]. This touches on the issue of the degree of citizen participation in LEI activities, which is significant in relation to the social acceptance of these initiatives; e.g., [19,[38][39][40].…”

“…Participation is often motivated by the desire to create a space where alternative values may be practiced and where experiments with alternative ways of living are enabled [37]. Furthermore, various authors note the relationship between citizen participation and the acceptance of a local renewable energy initiative [19,[38][39][40]. Arentsen and Bellekom [7] argue that local energy initiatives are "seedbeds" for innovation when understood from the Schumpeterian perspective on innovation.…”