Wind energy conversion with a variable-ratio gearbox: design and analysis

Hall, John F.; Mecklenborg, Christine A.; Chen, Dongmei; Pratap, S.B.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2010.08.037

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Several lines of action can be followed to achieve this goal. Improving the overall gearbox design [4][5][6] and using surface treatments [2] or coatings [7] to increase the wear resistance of the materials used for the contacting components are two of the most common ways investigated to reduce the maintenance costs of the turbines and increase the overall reliability and efficiency of wind technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lubrication Ability of Ionic Liquids as Additives for Wind Turbine Gearboxes Oils

2016

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Abstract:The amount of energy that can be gained from the wind is unlimited, unlike current energy sources such as fossil and coal. While there is an important push in the use of wind energy, gears and bearing components of the turbines often fail due to contact fatigue, causing costly repairs and downtime. The objective of this work is to investigate the potential tribological benefits of two phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) as additives to a synthetic lubricant without additives and to a fully formulated and commercially available wind turbine oil. In this work, AISI 52100 steel disks were tested in a ball-on-flat reciprocating tribometer against AISI 440C steel balls. Surface finish also affects the tribological properties of gear surfaces. In order to understand the combined effect of using the ILs with surface finish, two surface finishes were also used in this study. Adding ILs to the commercial available or synthetic lubricant reduced the wear scar diameter for both surface finishes. This decrease was particularly important for trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) amide, where a wear reduction of the steel disk around 20% and 23% is reached when 5 wt % of this IL is added to the commercially available lubricant and to the synthetic lubricant without additives, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lubrication Ability of Ionic Liquids as Additives for Wind Turbine Gearboxes Oils

2016

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“…The fixed speed system is easy to build and operate but variable speed system provides greater energy extraction, up to a 20% increase over fixed speed [1]. However, recent advances in fixed speed wind turbines augmented with a variable ratio gearbox promises greater energy extraction [3]. The variable speed system on the other hand requires more sophisticated controllers, which is an area of active research [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Systems Analysis and Control of Variable Speed Wind Turbines for Multiregime Operation

Semrau

Rimkus

Das

2014

Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control

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The key control problems associated with variable speed wind turbines are maximization of extracted energy when operating below the rated wind speed, and power and speed regulation when operating above the rated wind speed. In this paper, we develop a non-linear systems framework to address these problems. The framework is used to visualize and analyze the equilibria of the wind turbine as its operating regimes and controllers change. For both below rated and above rated wind speeds, we adopt nonlinear control-lers, analyze the stability property of the resulting equilibria, and establish the criterion for switching between control regimes. Further, the regions of attraction of the resulting equilibria are determined, and the existence of a common region of attraction, which allows stable switching between operating regimes, is shown. The control input maintains continuity at the point of switching. We next provide a method for blade pitch modulation to control rotor speed at high wind speeds. Through Lyapunov stability analysis, we prove stability of the equilibria in the presence of the two independently functioning torque- and pitch-control feedback loops. Simulation results are presented and the con-troller is compared with existing works from the literature. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4028775]

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“…A low-order wind turbine model was previously developed by the authors in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment [40,54,55] can be used for this tradeoff analysis and will be recaptured in this section. The parameters of the model are summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: Wind Turbine Drivetrain Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tradeoff analysis of energy harvesting and noise emission for distributed wind turbines

Shaltout

Yan

Palejiya

et al. 2015

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

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Wind energy conversion with a variable-ratio gearbox: design and analysis

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

The Lubrication Ability of Ionic Liquids as Additives for Wind Turbine Gearboxes Oils

The Lubrication Ability of Ionic Liquids as Additives for Wind Turbine Gearboxes Oils

Nonlinear Systems Analysis and Control of Variable Speed Wind Turbines for Multiregime Operation

Tradeoff analysis of energy harvesting and noise emission for distributed wind turbines

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