Wind drives temporal variation in pollinator visitation in a fragmented tropical forest

Crall, James D.; Brokaw, Julia; Gagliardi, Susan; Mendenhall, Chase D.; Pierce, Naomi E.; Combes, Stacey A.

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2020.0103

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…σ θ was not quantified, but was likely small compared to the values we observe in outdoor environments due to the constraints of a unidirectional wind tunnel. In a recent field study, [49] found that temporal changes in wind speed and turbulence increased the amount of bee visits to fragmented forested sites due to increases in odor dispersion. Both of these results support the idea that insects may be better equipped to extract odor plume information in wind conditions with higher directional variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-surface wind variability over spatiotemporal scales relevant to plume tracking insects

Houle

Breugel

2023

Preprint

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Odor plume tracking is an important biological process for many organisms, and flying insects have served as popular model systems for studying these behaviors both in the field and in lab settings. The shape and statistics of the airborne odor plumes that insects follow are largely governed by the wind that advects them. Prior atmospheric studies have investigated aspects of microscale wind patterns with an emphasis on characterizing pollution dispersion, enhancing weather prediction models, and for assessing wind energy potential. Here, we aim to characterize microscale wind dynamics through the lens of short-term ecological functions by focusing on spatial and temporal scales most relevant to an insect actively searching for an odor source. We collected and compared near-surface wind data across three distinct environments (sage steppe, forest, and urban) in locations across Northern Nevada. Our findings show that near-surface wind direction variability decreases with increasing wind speeds and increases in environments with greater surface complexity. Across environments, there is a strong correlation between the variability in wind speed (i.e. turbulence intensity) and wind direction (i.e. the standard deviation in wind direction). In some environments, the standard deviation in wind direction varied as much as 15 deg to 75 deg on time scales of 1-10 minutes. We draw insights between our findings and previous plume tracking experiments to provide a general intuition for future field research and guidance for wind tunnel experimental design. From our analyses, we hypothesize that there may be an ideal range of wind speeds and environment complexity in which insects will be most successful when tracking an odor plume to its source.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-surface wind variability over spatiotemporal scales relevant to plume tracking insects

Houle

Breugel

2023

Preprint

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“…It is important to mention that the ecological integrity of tropical forests is essential for ensuring the diversity and abundance of plant‐specialized pollinators, seed dispersers, and natural pest enemies. The health of these organisms depends on the availability of food, places of refuge, and nesting places provided by their natural habitats (Crall, 2019; Laurindo et al., 2019; Motta‐Tavares et al., 2019; Viana et al., 2012). Beyond sustaining forests' capacity for self‐maintenance and their ability to support life within the ecosystem, the provision of food, raw materials, and medicinal resources for human populations (Hagen et al., 2012; IPBES, 2016) supports life outside forests as well.…”

Section: Tropical Forests and Supporting Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Carbon: The Contributions of South American Tropical Humid and Subhumid Forests to Ecosystem Services

Borma

Costa

Rocha

et al. 2022

Reviews of Geophysics

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Tropical forests are key habitats for diverse organisms, and because of their wide global distribution, rich biodiversity, and long history of human use, they are also essential for providing a wide range of ecosystem services (ESs;Brandon, 2015; Brockerhoff et al., 2017;Gibson et al., 2011;Mori et al., 2017). Considerable attention has been devoted to tropical forests and their role as a natural climate solution for mitigating climate change. It is estimated that about 30% of all CO 2 emitted by human activities is removed from the atmosphere by these forests (Le Quéré et al., 2018). The important role of tropical forests as a carbon sink and stock has historically guided conservation pacts, programs, and policies for establishing targets associated with carbon storage and climate change mitigation. This role was important in developing several articles of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol (Swingland et al., 2002) and explicit policies for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation through the REDD+ agreement (Pistorius, 2012). Several countries also set ambitious goals for restoring forests to reduce emissions or sequester carbon in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 2015 Paris Agreement. The land use, land cover change, and forestry (LULCCF) sector is included in many countries' first nationally determined contributions (NDCs) but with differing levels of specificity. Assuming full implementation of NDCs, Grassi et al. (2017) show that land use-and forests, in particular-emerges as a key component of the Paris Agreement: global land use will turn from a net anthropogenic source during 1990-2010 (1.3 ± 1.1 Gt CO 2 e yr −1 ) to a net sink of carbon by 2030 (up to −1.1 ± 0.5 Gt CO 2 e yr −1 ) and would provide a quarter of countries' planned emission reductions. Two tropical countries stand out regarding the magnitude of the LULCCF contribution: Brazil set ambitious goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 43% by 2030 with

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“…Pola kunjungan dari serangga pengunjung bunga ranti dapat berkaitan dengan (1) pengaruh dari kondisi iklim mikro pada lokasi budidaya dimana beberapa penelitian melaporkan pengaruh dari faktor lingkungan (seperti suhu dan kelembaban udara serta kecepatan angin) pada interaksi antara serangga penyerbuk dan bunga (Descamps et al, 2018;Crall et al, 2020). Pada penelitian ini, data lingkungan menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan angin, kelembaban udara, dan tingkat tutupan awan kemungkinan menjadi faktor lingkungan penentu pola kunjungan serangga penyerbuk liar (Tabel 1), (2) kuantitas dan kualitas reward dari bunga bagi serangga (Potts et al, 2010;Ruslan et al, 2015), dan (3) karakteristik dari serangga terkait dengan kebutuhan energi (Tan et al, 2015) maupun apakah serangga hidup dalam koloni atau bersifat soliter (Leksikowati et al, 2018;Hendriksma et al, 2019).…”

Section: Aktivitas Lebah Tetragonula Laeviceps Pada Tanaman Rantiunclassified

Efisiensi Penyerbukan oleh Penyerbuk Liar dan Lebah Tetragonula laeviceps pada Bunga Ranti dan Kacang Panjang

Rahmani

Putra

Gunawan

2020

J. Agron. Indonesia

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Penyerbukan serangga merupakan salah satu upaya peningkatan efisiensi produksi tanaman berbuah pada lahan terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan mengamati aktivitas dan efisiensi penyerbukan serangga liar dan Tetragonula laeviceps pada tanaman ranti dan kacang panjang dengan sistem tanam tumpang sari di Desa Sukawangi, Kabupaten Sumedang pada bulan September hingga Januari 2020. Pengamatan dilakukan pada pukul 08:00-15:00 WIB selama periode perbungaan. Pengamatan dilakukan pada perlakuan aplikasi T. laeviceps, open-pollination, dan self-pollination, masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas 100 bunga ranti dan 100 bunga kacang panjang dan dianalisis menggunakan one way analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Aktivitas serangga diukur berdasarkan flower handling time, foraging rate, visitation rate, dan fruit set. Kualitas buah diukur berdasarkan diameter, bobot, panjang, dan oBrix. Hasil penelitian ditemukan masing-masing tiga serangga pengunjung berpotensi polinator pada ranti dan kacang panjang dengan pola kunjungan bervariasi pada open-pollination. Efisiensi fruit set tertinggi ranti terjadi pada perlakuan aplikasi T. laeviceps dan kacang panjang pada perlakuan open-pollination. Terdapat perbedaan nyata pada oBrix buah ranti dan kacang panjang, sedangkan self-pollination hanya menghasilkan buah yang secara signifikan lebih panjang pada kacang panjang. Dengan demikian, T. laeviceps dapat dijadikan salah satu alternatif serangga penyerbuk terdomestikasi dalam upaya efisiensi fruit set dan kualitas buah tanaman ranti dan kacang panjang. Kata kunci: aktivitas serangga, fruit set, kualitas buah

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Wind drives temporal variation in pollinator visitation in a fragmented tropical forest

Cited by 13 publications

References 63 publications

Near-surface wind variability over spatiotemporal scales relevant to plume tracking insects

Near-surface wind variability over spatiotemporal scales relevant to plume tracking insects

Beyond Carbon: The Contributions of South American Tropical Humid and Subhumid Forests to Ecosystem Services

Efisiensi Penyerbukan oleh Penyerbuk Liar dan Lebah Tetragonula laeviceps pada Bunga Ranti dan Kacang Panjang

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