Willingness to Pay for Improved Water Services in Mining Regions of Developing Economies: Case Study of a Coal Mining Project in Thar Coalfield, Pakistan

Aslam, Hina; Liu, Jian; Mazher, Abeer; Mojo, Dagne; Imran, Muhammad; Fu, Chengjie

doi:10.3390/w10040481

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similar results were also reported by Mezgebo and Ewnetu [120] in Nebelet town, Ethiopia. Previous studies also indicate that the increase level of household income could consequently shift the demand curve for improved water quality to the right, suggesting that the households would have better chances of maximizing utility [122,127,128]. Halkos and Matsiori [117] also reported that, as the level of income increases, people would be more willing to pay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Determinants and Values of Willingness to Pay for Water Quality Improvement: Insights from Chia Lagoon, Malawi

2019

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Water resources in the Chia lagoon in Malawi experience a possible threat to sustainability. Communities are seeking alternatives to improve water quality in the lagoon. This study quantified the communities’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) and their influencing factors while using contingent valuation (CV) techniques. A wide range of data collection procedures, including focus group discussions, key informant interviews, field observation, and CV survey, were employed. A sample of 300 households was randomly selected. The CV results showed that 57.4% of the households were willing to pay. The monthly individual aggregate WTP amount ranged from MK696.83 (US$0.95) to MK81697 (US$111.38), and on average MK7870.45 (US$10.73), generating aggregate annual values ranging from MK6, 689,568 (US$9126.29) to MK784, 294,080 (US$1,069,978), and on average MK75,556,320 (US$103,078) (ceteris paribus). Logistic regression model demonstrated a significant (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05) relationship between demographic (gender, age, literacy level), social-economic (land ownership, main agriculture water source, and income), and institutional (civic education and social network, extension, institutional trust, household socio trust) factors and WTP. The findings from this study provide significant clues for further research and baseline information for local government and communities in the development of more effective and holistic approaches for improving water quality in natural ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Determinants and Values of Willingness to Pay for Water Quality Improvement: Insights from Chia Lagoon, Malawi

2019

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“…Terrestrial inputs, especially agricultural fertilizer runoffs, might be the major source of urea in the ZJB. This situation is due to the rapid development of the society and economy around the ZJB, which has led to the continuous increase in nitrogen pollutant emissions and water quality deterioration [64,65]. In particular, Potou District and Xiashan District, located on the eastern and western sides of the ZJB, brought about the continuous increase in waste water from sewage outlet discharge.…”

Section: The Concentration Variation and Sources Of Urea In Zjbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Urea Distribution, Sources, and Indication of DON Bioavailability in Zhanjiang Bay, China

Zhang

Peng

Zhang

et al. 2020

Water

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In marine environments, urea is an important component of the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen. The autochthonous and allochthonous sources (rivers, aquaculture, waste water input, etc.) of urea play a key role in urea cycles in adjacent coastal waters. Because urea is a specific marker to trace the sewage fluxes in coastal waters, we investigated urea associated with terrestrial source input and coastal water in Zhanjiang Bay (ZJB) during the time from November 2018 to July 2019, and the spatiotemporal urea distribution and the bioavailability of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) based on urea concentration in the ZJB were explored. The results showed that the urea enrichment in coastal water was mainly due to discharge from urban sewage systems, rivers, and coastal aquaculture. The concentration of urea ranged from 1.14 to 5.53 μmol·L−1, and its mean value was 3.13 ± 1.02 μmol·L−1 in the ZJB. The urea concentration showed a significantly different seasonal variation in the ZJB (p < 0.05), and the highest and lowest concentrations were found in November 2018 and April 2019, respectively. Its high value appeared in the north and northeast of the ZJB, which were polluted by coastal aquaculture and agriculture fertilizer utilization. The range of urea concentration of terrestrial source inputs in the ZJB was 1.31–10.29 μmol·L−1, and the average urea concentration reached 3.22 ± 0.82 μmol·L−1. Moreover, the total urea flux surrounding the ZJB was 2905 tons·year−1. The seasonal terrestrial source of urea flux contributions had significant seasonal variation in wet, normal, and dry seasons (p < 0.05). The ZJB was subjected to a large flux of urea by estuaries and sewage outlet discharges. The seasonal urea concentration in all stations (>1 μmol·L−1) indicated that urea in the ZJB may have a bioavailable DON source. As a bioavailable nitrogen source, the ability of terrestrial source-derived urea to increase eutrophication should not be ignored in ZJB.

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“…In addition to estimating the TCM, we analyze the visitors' responses to the hypothetical increase in entrance fees for a proposed springs restoration program following the contingent valuation method, which is a widely used method to elicit values for proposed policy interventions, such as in Aslam et al [34] and Kwak et al [35]. For simplicity and ease of administration during an onsite intercept survey, a single-bounded CV question was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valuing the Recreation Benefits of Natural Springs in Florida

Grogan

et al. 2018

Water

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Karst springs are scenic natural resources in karst areas of Florida, currently under threat from increasing groundwater withdrawal from the Floridan Aquifer and pollution resulting from a variety of sources. This paper estimates the current recreation benefits from visiting springs using the travel cost method and elicits residents’ willingness to contribute for springs restoration using the contingent valuation method. It further compares the performance of count data models correcting for endogenous stratification and truncation, and finds that the annual consumer surplus per person per trip is between $20 and $43, and the annual total recreational value for the four springs studied is about $25 million. Furthermore, visitors are willing to contribute $12 to $14 per person per trip for springs restoration without reducing trip demand.

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Willingness to Pay for Improved Water Services in Mining Regions of Developing Economies: Case Study of a Coal Mining Project in Thar Coalfield, Pakistan

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

Determinants and Values of Willingness to Pay for Water Quality Improvement: Insights from Chia Lagoon, Malawi

Determinants and Values of Willingness to Pay for Water Quality Improvement: Insights from Chia Lagoon, Malawi

Spatiotemporal Urea Distribution, Sources, and Indication of DON Bioavailability in Zhanjiang Bay, China

Valuing the Recreation Benefits of Natural Springs in Florida

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