Willingness to Participate and Associated Factors in a Zika Vaccine Trial in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

One of the crucial steps during trials for Zika and other vaccines is to recruit participants and to understand how participants’ attitudes and sociodemographic characteristics affect willingness to participate (WTP). This study was conducted to assess WTP, its explanatory variables, and the impact of financial compensation on WTP in Indonesia. A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in eleven regencies in the Aceh and West Sumatra provinces of Indonesia. Participants were recruited via a convenience sampling method and were interviewed. The associations between explanatory variables and WTP were assessed using a two-step logistic regression analysis. A total of 1,102 parents were approached, and of these 956 (86.8%) completed the interview and were included in analysis. Of those, 144 (15.1%) were willing to participate in a Zika vaccine trial without a financial compensation. In the multivariate analysis, WTP was tied to an age of more than 50 years old, compared to 20–29 years (odds ratio (OR): 5.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37–10.53), to being female (OR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.11–4.37), and to having heard about Zika (OR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.59–3.65). Participants’ WTP increased gradually with higher financial compensation. The rate of WTP increased to 62.3% at the highest offer (US$ 350.4), and those who were still unwilling to participate (37.7%) had a poorer attitude towards childhood vaccination. This study highlights that pre-existing knowledge about Zika and attitudes towards childhood vaccination are important in determining community members being willing to participate in a vaccine trial. Financial incentives are still an important factor to enhance participant recruitment during a vaccine trial.

<p>Factors Influencing Participation Of Healthy Volunteers In Clinical Trials: Findings From A Cross-Sectional Study In Delhi, North India</p>

“…We found that the majority of the volunteers (~78%) reported that their sole intent to participate in clinical trials was for monetary gains. Similar findings underlying financial motives as the prominent reason to participate in clinical trials have been reported by previous studies as well 9,10,25,30,31. For instance, in a survey conducted by Walsh et al, “non-volunteers” for a clinical trial were less likely to report financial motivations as a reason to participate in research than those who volunteered (52% vs 81%, respectively) 30.…”

“…Because of its large population and growing capacities for biomedical research, India is increasingly recognized as a potential site for health research 22,23. Enrollment and sustained participation are undoubtedly the most important phases of a clinical trial 24,25. It is important to identify the reasons driving participation in clinical studies in order to ensure that the clinical trial does not suffer from high dropouts, and the results emerging from the trial have robust validity.…”

Knowledge and attitude towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika virus infection among general practitioners in Indonesia

“…The levels of knowledge and attitude were dichotomized into "good" and "poor" based on a 75% cut-off point of the total score within each domain (i.e., 4 out of 5, and 15 out of 20 for knowledge and attitude, respectively). Our studies have used a similar cut-off point of either 75% or 80% [51,56,[60][61][62][63][64][65]. The associations between the independent variables and the dependent variables (knowledge and attitude) were assessed using a two-step logistic regression.…”

Knowledge towards Zika among medical students, interns and general practitioners in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study in Aceh

“…Our present study was conducted to compare the level of knowledge of Zika among medical students, medical interns and GPs in Aceh province of Indonesia. Aceh was selected based on some rationales: a) intensive studies related to Zika have been conducted in the Aceh province [20][21][22][23][24]…”

“…Aceh province was selected because this province has previously been the location for other population studies related to ZIKV infection. [20][21][22][23][24] In addition, both public and private medical school and medical teaching hospital exist in the province. By including three different levels within the medical education system of Indonesia, this study sought to provide evidence of the effectiveness of the current curricula used in medical schools to increase knowledge of Zika.…”