Width of AtomicL2andL3Vacancy States near

Theoretical and experimental determination of K - and L -shell x-ray relaxation parameters in Ni

“…For example, Yin et al have assumed for all of the L 2 -L 3 M 4,5 Auger transitions, a kinetic energy of 10 eV for Cu and 5 eV for Zn without any explanation why. If our level energies were off by as much as 10 eV, we would see a rise in the number of allowed Auger transitions from 470 to 1043 which, connected to the fact that the Coster-Kronig transition probabilities rise very rapidly as a function of the ejected electrons kinetic energy [56], would result in a rise of the f L 23 CK yield by several orders of magnitude. Since f L 12 , f L 13 , and f L 23 are interconnected by the relation given by Eq.…”

“…Due to the extra-atomic relaxation effects induced by neighboring atoms in the metal, the level energies might shift quite a large amount, thus enabling Auger channels that are forbidden for an isolated atom. We have not performed a similar calculation to that of Yin et al [56], because in order to do so, one has to artificially assign values for the kinetic energy of the ejected electron which are completely arbitrary. For example, Yin et al have assumed for all of the L 2 -L 3 M 4,5 Auger transitions, a kinetic energy of 10 eV for Cu and 5 eV for Zn without any explanation why.…”

“…The striking evidence of the presence of Ni is that the light curves of type Ia supernovas are powered by the radioactive decay of 56 Ni to 56 Co at early times. The presence of Ni K emission lines has also been observed in active galatic nucleus (AGN), with unprecedented resolution by the XMM-Newton space observatory.…”

Atomic and molecular science with synchrotron radiation

“…The effect of extraatomic influences on widths can be studied. For example, it is wellknown that atomic energy-level shifts caused by metallic environ ments can open intense radiationless channels that grossly alter hole-state widths (Yin et al, 1973); such effects could be studied in detail, especially near thresholds, and traced to modifications of the wave functions in the pertinent Auger matrix elements. It is not inconceivable that resonant Raman spectromet ry in the x-ray regime may some day become as useful a tool in atomic physics and materials science as optical Raman techniques now are in biophysics and chemistry.…”

Resonant Auger spectroscopy at theL2,3shake-up thresholds as a probe of electron correlation effects in nickel

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The occurrence of distinguishable satellite structures in the spectra is a sign of localization tendencies of the 3d valence electrons, which retain some of their atomiclike properties in the metal. In this respect, Ni is often considered a prototypical system in the 3d transition metal series regarding strong correlations and configuration interaction in the ground, core-, and valenceexcited states.…”