Widespread decreases in topsoil inorganic carbon stocks across <scp>C</scp>hina's grasslands during 1980s–2000s

Yang, Yuanhe; Fang, Jingyun; Ji, Chengjun; Ma, Wenqi; Mohammat, Anwar; Wang, Shifeng; Wang, Shaopeng; Datta, Arindam; Robinson, David; Smith, Pete

doi:10.1111/gcb.12025

Cited by 76 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Moreover, as a consequence of climate change, some projections suggest that erosion rates could increase by 25-55 % during the twenty-first century (Delgado et al 2013). In turn, the erosion of soil surface layers can also lead to the exposure of carbonates to climatic elements and acid deposition, aspects that could increase the loss of C from soils to the atmosphere (Lal 2004;Yang et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon management in dryland agricultural systems. A review

Plaza‐Bonilla¹,

Arrúe

Cantero‐Martínez

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

128

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon management in dryland agricultural systems. A review

Plaza‐Bonilla¹,

Arrúe

Cantero‐Martínez

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

128

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“…The deposition rate of carbonate is relatively high in grassland soils with a high alkalinity and aridity (Lal, 2008;Yang et al, 2012), and hence SIC is the major form of soil carbon in many grasslands (Mi et al, 2008). SIC storage in China is approximately 53.3-77.9 Pg (Li et al, 2007;Mi et al, 2008), 54 % of which is mainly distributed in the temperate and alpine grasslands located in Inner Mongolia and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (Mi et al, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing soil carbon loss through respiration and leaching under extreme precipitation events in arid and semiarid grasslands

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Respiration and leaching are two main processes responsible for soil carbon loss. While the former has received considerable research attention, studies examining leaching processes are limited, especially in semiarid grasslands due to low precipitation. Climate change may increase the extreme precipitation event (EPE) frequency in arid and semiarid regions, potentially enhancing soil carbon loss through leaching and respiration. Here we incubated soil columns of three typical grassland soils from Inner Mongolia and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and examined the effect of simulated EPEs on soil carbon loss through respiration and leaching. EPEs induced a transient increase in CO 2 release through soil respiration, equivalent to 32 and 72 % of the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in the temperate grasslands (Xilinhot and Keqi) and 7 % of NEP in the alpine grasslands (Gangcha). By comparison, leaching loss of soil carbon accounted for 290, 120, and 15 % of NEP at the corresponding sites, respectively, with dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC, biogenic DIC + lithogenic DIC) as the main form of carbon loss in the alkaline soils. Moreover, DIC loss increased with recurring EPEs in the soil with the highest pH due to an elevated contribution of dissolved CO 2 from organic carbon degradation (indicated by DIC-δ 13 C). These results highlight the fact that leaching loss of soil carbon (particularly in the form of DIC) is important in the regional carbon budget of arid and semiarid grasslands and also imply that SOC mineralization in alkaline soils might be underestimated if only measured as CO 2 emission from soils into the atmosphere. With a projected increase in EPEs under climate change, soil carbon leaching processes and the influencing factors warrant a better understanding and should be incorporated into soil carbon models when estimating carbon balance in grassland ecosystems.

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“…Our findings differed from these reports; we showed that pedogenetic sampling typically resulted in much higher SOC and SON than fixed-depth sampling (Table 2), which was 1.05-to 1.2-fold higher for SOC and SON storage and 1.2-to 1.4-fold higher for SOC and SON concentration. Pedogenetic sampling was also used in several major datasets in China (e.g., the 1979-1982 national survey) and has since become the main sampling method for nationwide evaluation of SOC and SON budgets [48][49][50]. Currently, however, more studies use the fixed-depth method for estimating SOC and SON storage in China [11,21,51].…”

Section: Sampling Methods Effects On Soc and Son Differ Between Their mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling Method and Tree-Age Affect Soil Organic C and N Contents in Larch Plantations

Wang

Chang

2017

Forests

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Abstract:We currently have a poor understanding of how different soil sampling methods (pedogenetic horizon versus fixed-depth) influence the evaluation of soil properties. Here, 159 soil profiles were sampled from larch (Larix gmelinii) plantations in northeast China using both the pedogenetic horizon and fixed-depth sampling methods. Analysis of variance was used to determine how sampling method influences the assessment of the spatial variation in the concentration and storage of soil organic C (SOC) and N (SON), as well as how these properties are affected by tree age-group (<20, 20-40, and >40 years). In both the 20 cm (surface) and 80 cm (whole profile) sampling depths, pedogenetic sampling resulted in 1.2-to 1.4-fold higher SOC and SON concentrations than fixed-depth sampling. Surface soil nutrient storage between the two sampling methods was not significantly different, but was it was 1.2-fold higher (p < 0.05) with pedogenetic sampling than with fixed-depth sampling in the whole soil profile. For a given error limit in SOC and SON assessments, fixed-depth sampling had a 60%~90% minimum sampling intensity requirement compared with pedogenetic horizon sampling. Additionally, SOC was 1.1-to 1.3-fold greater in the >40 years age-group than in the <20 years age-group (p < 0.05), while SON was the highest in the 20-40 years age-group (p < 0.05). The total amount of SOC and nutrients in soil is fixed regardless how you sample, it is the different assumptions and different ways of extrapolation from samples to the population that cause sampling by horizon versus fixed depth to lead to different conclusions. Our findings highlight that soil sampling method and tree age-group affect the determination of the spatial variation of SOC and SON and future soil assessments should control for methodological differences.

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Widespread decreases in topsoil inorganic carbon stocks across China's grasslands during 1980s–2000s

Cited by 76 publications

References 38 publications

Carbon management in dryland agricultural systems. A review

Carbon management in dryland agricultural systems. A review

Comparing soil carbon loss through respiration and leaching under extreme precipitation events in arid and semiarid grasslands

Sampling Method and Tree-Age Affect Soil Organic C and N Contents in Larch Plantations

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