Wide-Scale Adoption of Photovoltaic Energy: Grid Code Modifications Are Explored in the Distribution Grid

Yang, Yongheng; Enjeti, P.N.; Blaabjerg, Frede; Wang, Huai

doi:10.1109/mias.2014.2345837

Cited by 229 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…It can further be seen in Fig. 9 that, when the power limit P limit reaches the range of 100-150 % of the rated power, the PV inverter lifetime in the AAPC mode is progressively reduced to around 21 years, corresponding to one repair of the PV inverter during the PV system lifetime and the maintenance cost is increased according to (5), as it is shown in Fig. 10.…”

Section: B Lcoe Analysismentioning

confidence: 84%

Pursuing Photovoltaic Cost-Effectiveness: Absolute Active Power Control Offers Hope in Single-Phase PV Systems

Yang

Koutroulis

Sangwongwanich

et al. 2017

IEEE Ind. Appl. Mag.

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Abstract-Countries with considerable PhotoVoltaic (PV) installations are facing a challenge of overloading their power grid during peak-power production hours if the power infrastructure remains the same. To address this, regulations have been imposed on PV systems, where more active power control should be flexibly performed. As an advanced control strategy, the Absolute Active Power Control (AAPC) can effectively solve the overloading issues by limiting the maximum possible PV power to a certain level (i.e., the power limitation), and also benefit the inverter reliability due to the reduction in the thermal loading of the power devices. However, its feasibility is challenged by the associated energy losses. An increase of the inverter lifetime and a reduction of the energy yield can alter the cost of energy, demanding an optimization of the power limitation. Therefore, aiming at minimizing the Levelized Cost Of Energy (LCOE), the power limit is optimized for the AAPC strategy in this paper. The optimization method is demonstrated on a 3-kW singlephase PV system considering a real-field mission profile (i.e., solar irradiance and ambient temperature). The optimization results have revealed that superior performance in terms of LCOE and energy production can be obtained by enabling the AAPC strategy, compared to the conventional PV inverter operating only in the maximum power point tracking mode. In the presented case study, the minimum of the LCOE is achieved for the PV system when the power limit is optimized to a certain level of the designed maximum feed-in power (i.e., 3-kW). In addition, the LCOE-based analysis method can be used in the design of PV inverters considering long-term mission profiles.

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Section: B Lcoe Analysismentioning

confidence: 84%

Pursuing Photovoltaic Cost-Effectiveness: Absolute Active Power Control Offers Hope in Single-Phase PV Systems

Yang

Koutroulis

Sangwongwanich

et al. 2017

IEEE Ind. Appl. Mag.

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“…Due to the fast development, even tougher requirements have been released for PV systems [18]- [20]. A general categorization of the demands to PV systems is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Demands To Pv Power Conversion Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dc-dc converter increases the flexibility for energy harvesting. For the grid side, normally the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the output current has to be restrained at a lower level (e.g., 5%) [4], [18]. However, it is noted that future PV systems are getting higher power ratings (e.g., hundreds kW).…”

Section: Demands To Pv Power Conversion Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For those large PV power systems, the grid side also demands the PV inverter to stabilize the grid voltage. For instance, the PV inverters have to ride-through voltage faults, when a higher PV penetration level comes into reality [18]- [29], as what have been required for WTSs.…”

Section: Demands To Pv Power Conversion Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, similar to the WTS, reliability is getting more importance in power electronics (including PV systems). This can contribute to extended total energy production and reduced cost of energy [18], [33], [34]. Finally, because of exposure or smaller housing chamber, the PV converter should be more temperature insensitive, which in return is good from the reliability point of view.…”

Section: Demands To Pv Power Conversion Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Power electronics - the key technology for renewable energy system integration

Blaabjerg

Yang

et al. 2015

2015 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA)

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112

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Grid‐connected photovoltaic inverters with low‐voltage ride through for a residential‐scale system: A review

Talha

Amir

Raihan

et al. 2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Background: Recent advancements in solar power generation technology have paved the way for a vast number of photovoltaic (PV) systems integration into the grid network. The global installed capacity of rooftop PV systems has already surpassed a 50 GW mark in 2020, while the total installed capacity of all types of PV systems is reaching beyond 500 GW. The influx of distributed PV-generators must be equipped with sophisticated control to ensure grid stability, especially during grid faults. A devastating grid outage may occur if the grid-tied PV inverters are not equipped with the "fault-ride-through" mechanism. Many countries have already enforced a mandatory grid code which includes a low-voltage-ride through requirements for PV-generators. Aim and Objective: This paper reviews the design of a rooftop PV inverters in the light of low-voltage-ride-through requirements.Materials and Methods: For the implementation of low-voltage-ride-through (LVRT), the design of low-voltage-sag detection, grid-synchronization, filterselection, and power-controllers are examined through simulations and literature survey. LVRT implementation issues are highlighted with an emphasis on the current controller performance during grid sags.Results and Discussion: From the review and analysis conducted in this study, this paper concludes that ensuring a stable DC-link and appropriate control-reference-signals during the grid faults are the keys to the LVRT implementation. Conclusion:In addition to robust power control, an autonomous PV generator should promptly detect the grid conditions and fulfils the ancillary services

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Wide-Scale Adoption of Photovoltaic Energy: Grid Code Modifications Are Explored in the Distribution Grid

Cited by 229 publications

References 62 publications

Pursuing Photovoltaic Cost-Effectiveness: Absolute Active Power Control Offers Hope in Single-Phase PV Systems

Pursuing Photovoltaic Cost-Effectiveness: Absolute Active Power Control Offers Hope in Single-Phase PV Systems

Power electronics - the key technology for renewable energy system integration

Grid‐connected photovoltaic inverters with low‐voltage ride through for a residential‐scale system: A review

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