Grid‐connected photovoltaic inverters with low‐voltage ride through for a residential‐scale system: A review

Abstract

Background: Recent advancements in solar power generation technology have paved the way for a vast number of photovoltaic (PV) systems integration into the grid network. The global installed capacity of rooftop PV systems has already surpassed a 50 GW mark in 2020, while the total installed capacity of all types of PV systems is reaching beyond 500 GW. The influx of distributed PV-generators must be equipped with sophisticated control to ensure grid stability, especially during grid faults. A devastating grid outage may occur if the grid-tied PV inverters are not equipped with the "fault-ride-through" mechanism. Many countries have already enforced a mandatory grid code which includes a low-voltage-ride through requirements for PV-generators. Aim and Objective: This paper reviews the design of a rooftop PV inverters in the light of low-voltage-ride-through requirements.Materials and Methods: For the implementation of low-voltage-ride-through (LVRT), the design of low-voltage-sag detection, grid-synchronization, filterselection, and power-controllers are examined through simulations and literature survey. LVRT implementation issues are highlighted with an emphasis on the current controller performance during grid sags.Results and Discussion: From the review and analysis conducted in this study, this paper concludes that ensuring a stable DC-link and appropriate control-reference-signals during the grid faults are the keys to the LVRT implementation. Conclusion:In addition to robust power control, an autonomous PV generator should promptly detect the grid conditions and fulfils the ancillary services

Power Converter Solutions for Industrial PV Applications—A Review

“…Voltage stabilization [60][61][62][63][64][65] Voltage and frequency ride through, voltage sag detection, reactive power generation…”

Robust controller for grid‐tied PV inverters based on continuous non‐linear predictive and integral sliding mode control

“…The combined ISMC and CNMPC system has been presented. The control signal u of ( 2) can be expressed by combining the designed controller output of CNMPC and the design of the ISMC controller as (14). ISMC can eliminate the reaching phase of the system response to let the sliding mode function occur throughout the entire system.…”

“…Despite its robust performance, this method should be enhanced to determine the d ‐ and q ‐axis references accurately during faults. Moreover, [14] presented a detailed review of LVRT control schemes used in grid‐connected PV systems. In this work, a recent LVRT control system combining the known crowbar is implemented here to regulate the injection of the real and reactive power to the grid to ensure system safety and accurate reactive current injection as per grid codes.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Control Strategies to Overcome Challenges During LVRT in PV Systems

“…∆V The increment in the positive sequence and decrement in the negative sequence component of PCC voltage is achieved by carefully determining the reactive power references as in (39) and (40), respectively.…”