Why (not) abolish fares? Exploring the global geography of fare-free public transport

Kȩbłowski, Wojciech

doi:10.1007/s11116-019-09986-6

Cited by 51 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, the bus line between Haag-Leiden (Netherlands), where the bus is only free during weekdays (Goeverde et al, 2006). Specific fare-free bus line 5 bus lines providing the connection with the regional transport system Source: Author's compilation based on Fearnley (2013), Hess (2017), Keblowski (2019) Besides single lines, the system can also be introduced in specifics areas like the city centre, etc. -Stavanger (Norway), Seattle (Washington, USA), Orlando (Florida, USA), Tempe (Arizona, USA) (Volinsky, 2012;Fearnley, 2013).…”

Section: Free Fare Public Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Source: Author's compilation based on Fearnley, 2013;Hess, 2017;Keblowski, 2019. First, the Environment set of goals represents the key reasons that initiated the creation of FFPT and they continue to be the main motivation for promoting this concept. Such a range of goals covers issues, which are closely tied to car-use externalities, for example, car accidents, traffic congestion, air and noise pollution, and the increasing dependency on cars.…”

Section: Figure 2 Ffpt Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Free fare policy as a tool for sustainable development of public transport services

Štraub¹,

Jaroš²

2019

hgeo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article focuses on free fare public transport policy (FFPT) as an example of the sustainable mobility paradigm FFPT is one of a number of instruments through which a balance between the economic costs and efficiency in the public transport system can be reached. Even though the strategic approach of FFPT systems is used worldwide, their implementation is somewhat sporadic. By investigating examples of currently or formerly existing free fare public transport schemes, this study analyses the overall ability of FFPT to reach the strategic targets required. The study identifies four key areas that the municipalities are trying to target (reducing car use externalities, social justice/benefits provision, increasing the efficiency of public transport, and promoting sustainable means of transportation). As the specific conditions of each locality generate particular issues, the strategy of each transport system authority differs from one to another. It is, therefore, necessary for the transport planning authorities to implement various tools (both supportive and repressive) whose synergies will target the main objectives. A systematic and conceptual approach is what underpins the successful development of the urban transport system in the long-term.

show abstract

Section: Free Fare Public Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 2 Ffpt Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free fare policy as a tool for sustainable development of public transport services

Štraub¹,

Jaroš²

2019

hgeo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Si bien las compañías de autobuses reciben subsidios estatales, estos no benefician a los usuarios. En Europa, los estudiantes universitarios y otros grupos marginados obtienen descuentos por usar el transporte público (Kębłowski 2019). Para promover el uso del transporte público, los estudiantes sudafricanos deberían obtener descuentos.…”

Section: Factores Económicosunclassified

Violencia en las calles sudafricanas como única respuesta: el movimiento de protesta estudiantil sudafricano “#FeesMustFall”

Morwe¹,

España²,

Luescher

2020

Bol_Crim

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

La democratización de la educación superior en Sudáfrica ha revelado desigualdades profundamente arraigadas e inherentes al sistema derivadas del Apartheid (sistema de segregación racial en Sudáfrica y Namibia en vigor hasta 1992), en las que los jóvenes negros no pueden acceder a la educación sin enfrentarse a una miríada de obstáculos. En todo el mundo, los estudiantes han salido a las calles para mostrar su descontento con las autoridades, con la esperanza de generar conciencia y reconocimiento sobre los problemas con los que se encuentran en la educación superior. Sudáfrica no ha sido una excepción. En 2015, el movimiento conocido con el hashtag ‘#FeesMustFall’ (para la reducción de tasas académicas en la educación universitaria) envió un mensaje a los políticos para que priorizaran el necesario cambio que necesita la educación superior en Sudáfrica, ya que sigue siendo un sistema elitista y accesible solo para unos pocos elegidos. Aunque el programa sudafricano para incrementar la tasa de participación y expansión de la educación superior puesto en marcha a final de los años 90 del siglo pasado ha producido algunos beneficios en las últimas décadas, el número de estudiantes africanos en las instituciones de educación superior sigue sin aumentar. Las autoridades no han respondido a las desigualdades estructurales a la que estos estudiantes se enfrentan. En este artículo se detallan los desafíos que llevaron a los estudiantes universitarios sudafricanos a participar en la violenta protesta “#FeesMustFall” y se hacen propuestas sobre cómo superar estos desafíos para generar mejoras a largo plazo.

show abstract

“…Even though the issue of FFPT has been present in academic literature from the late 60s due to the dramatic increase in car use, mainly in North America (Baum 1973;Scheiner & Starling 1974), the topic has started to gain momentum in recent decades. Not only in the light of changing mobility (Sheller & Urry 2006) and the sustainable mobility paradigm, but also due to the fact that many municipalities all around the world are implementing a system of FFPT, so there is now a growing literature which deals with the topic of free fare transport policy, its scope, geography, economy and the effects on modal split, changes in traffic behaviour and the ability to reach its goals or the politics behind it (Fuji & Ryuichi 2003;Storchmann 2003;De Witte et al 2006;Goeverden et al 2006;De Witte, Macharis & Mairesse 2008;Fearnley 2013;Cats, Reimal & Susilo 2014Hess 2017;Tomanek 2017;Kębłowski et al 2019;Kębłowski 2019;Štraub & Jaroš 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It turns out that there is a strong body of municipalities in Poland which have to some extent adopted a policy to implement a scheme of free fare public transport, but there is a lack of strong evidence or research which would confirm the scale of FFPT development in Poland and identify its key characteristics. Thus, the aim of this paper is not only to contribute to the academic debate over the topic of FFPT (Kębłowski 2019) or the development of an environmentally friendly urban transport system, (Taczanowski et al 2018), but mainly to create a typology of FFPT cases in Poland based on mapped and analysed examples. With the following questions, such as which municipalities have implemented an FFPT scheme and what kind of urban mobility approaches can be identified in the municipalities being studied, the study seeks to understand the scale of use of the concept, present an inventory of identified cases, and understand the major similarities and discrepancies which lie behind the different reasons why FFPT policy has been emerging in Poland over recent decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riding without a ticket: geography of free fare public transport policy in Poland

Štraub

2019

Urban Development Issues

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A policy instrument promoting a free fare public transport policy (FFPT) has recently been put into practice in 66 municipalities across Poland. By contributing to the academic debate on the concept of FFPT (e.g. Kębłowski 2019), the main goal of this paper is to create a typology of the schemes where FFPT is in operation in Poland based on analyses of a geographical mapping of these projects. This study analyses how different municipalities are implementing the concept in order to define a typology of FFTP projects and to understand how the development landscape of the urban transport system is changing in the light of free fare transport policies, topics which are not fully covered in the academic literature. The findings confirm that there is a new dynamic in the development of urban transport systems and permit the identification of key characteristics of this trend. Besides the typology of implementation of FFPT, the study also presents an up-to-date inventory of FFPT projects with the key characteristic features of each system. Although the study does not provide specific recommendations regarding the introduction of a FFPT policy, it represents a good starting point for future and more detailed studies. Such studies are necessary in order to understand the role of FFPT not only in the context of the development of a given transport system, its impact on modal split, and travel behaviour, but also to uncover the different politics which lie behind them.

show abstract

Why (not) abolish fares? Exploring the global geography of fare-free public transport

Cited by 51 publications

References 20 publications

Free fare policy as a tool for sustainable development of public transport services

Free fare policy as a tool for sustainable development of public transport services

Violencia en las calles sudafricanas como única respuesta: el movimiento de protesta estudiantil sudafricano “#FeesMustFall”

Riding without a ticket: geography of free fare public transport policy in Poland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About