Why do people postpone parenthood? Reasons and social policy incentives

Mills, Melinda; Rindfuss, Ronald R.; McDonald, Peter; Velde, Egbert te

doi:10.1093/humupd/dmr026

Cited by 797 publications

(763 citation statements)

References 131 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

657

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nevertheless, several cycles might be required, especially in patients with low ovarian reserve, in order to aspirate an adequate numbers of oocytes (around [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] that may provide a realistic chance for future fertility. Number of COH and IVF cycles has not been associated with an increased risk of disease recurrence [46,47].…”

Section: Embryo/egg Freezingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even in young patients, several cycles might be needed in order to collect an adequate number of oocytes (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). For patients designated for an extensive or bilateral pelvic surgery, several ART cycles before surgery may provide a sufficient number of oocytes/embryos for freezing.…”

Section: Approach To Patients and Conclusive Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together with the worldwide trend of delaying childbearing that by itself is a common indication for assisted reproductive technology (ART) [15] the motivation in favor of FPT is growing. Therefore, in women of young reproductive age with endometriosis who have not yet completed family planning, the potential risk for low ovarian reserve, POF, and future infertility must be raised and carefully assessed, in order to provide an adequate consultation regarding the need for FPT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The role of fertility preservation in patients with endometriosis

Carrillo

Seidman

Cittadini

et al. 2016

J Assist Reprod Genet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patients affected with severe endometriosis are at significant risk for ovarian tissue damage, which may lead to infertility, reduced response to ovarian stimulation, and occasionally, premature ovarian failure. The risk for a compromised ovarian reserve in young patients is especially high following repeated surgical intervention and in the presence of bilateral endometriomas. In many cases, enhanced loss of ovarian reserve may also result from the damaging effect of the pathologic process on follicle reservoir even without surgical interventions. Women diagnosed with severe endometriosis and those designated for extensive ovarian surgical intervention are frequently not planning to conceive. In light of recent advances in fertility preservation techniques (FPT), such as oocytes and ovarian tissue freezing, as well as their increasing success rates, we critically evaluate the options for FPT in patients suffering from endometriosis. Personalized counseling should be offered to all patients with endometriosis taking into account age, extent of ovarian involvement, current ovarian reserve, previous and impending surgeries for endometriosis, along with current success rates and possible risks associated with FPT.

show abstract

Section: Embryo/egg Freezingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Approach To Patients and Conclusive Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The role of fertility preservation in patients with endometriosis

Carrillo

Seidman

Cittadini

et al. 2016

J Assist Reprod Genet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The expansion of higher education and the resulting later age of completing education and entering of the labour market (as well as the concomitant increase in the share of women entering the labour market) have been repeatedly identified as important factors (Blossfeld and Huinink 1991;Gustafsson and Kalwij 2006;Goldin 2006;Ní Bhrolcháin and Beaujouan 2012). Other factors include the spread of hormonal contraception, rising economic and employment uncertainty in young adulthood, decline of marriage, the rise of more unstable forms of partnerships, and the spread of new values incompatible with parenthood Goldin and Katz 2002;Sobotka 2004a;Mills and Blossfeld 2005;Goldin 2006;Mills et al 2011;Leridon 2006;Nettle 2011). …”

Section: Fertility Postponement and Its Impact On Period Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, the ever expanding time spent in education further delays first births (Blossfeld and Huinink 1991;Kravdal 2004). As a result, women with higher levels of education have a later mean age at childbearing (Andersson et al 2009;Mills et al 2011) and, during the transition from lower to higher levels of education the associated fertility postponement leads to lower levels of period fertility. Second, a higher level of education entails enhanced human capital and a higher earnings potential, on which women may want to capitalise in the labour market.…”

Section: Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Fertility in Low Fertility Countries

Basten

Sobotka

Zeman

et al. 2014

World Population and Human Capital in the Twenty-First Century

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Future Fertility in Low Fertility Countries AbstractThis paper discusses results of the global survey of experts on the future of low fertility in low-fertility countries. The survey was coordinated by the Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital as a part of an effort to produce global argumentbased population projections by age, sex and level of education. First we give an overview of fertility changes in major low-fertility regions. Next we outline main theoretical arguments and review a wide range of factors contributing to fertility change and variation in contemporary low-fertility settings. Subsequently, we present survey results based on 184 assessments of over 170 experts analysing 41 countries with currently low or aroundreplacement fertility and Israel. These experts provided forecasts of period total fertility rate (TFR) in 2030 and 2050, estimated 80% confidence interval of their forecast and assessed the validity and potential impact on fertility of 46 factors. We also compare expert-derived projections of the TFR trends with the forecasts formulated by the UN World Population Prospects in 2010. The survey results in combination with the feedback provided by the invited experts then serve as a basis for formulating a set of projection scenarios for all low fertility countries up until 2050, which are additionally expanded (in a simpler form) through 2200. We present these scenarios and discuss past changes in fertility differences by level of education and their potential future trends in main regions. Presented analyses and projections indicate that a global convergence of fertility to around replacement level, envisioned in the UN projections, appears unlikely. Continuing differentiation combined with partial convergence in fertility towards lower levels is suggested as a more plausible scenario, with East Asia (including China) as well as Russia expected to have sustained very low fertility below 1.5 through 2050.

show abstract

Websites Selling Direct-to-Consumer Anti-Mullerian Hormone Tests

Johnson,

Thompson,

Nickel

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceThe recent provision of direct-to-consumer (DTC) Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) testing in several countries has been contentious, particularly due to concerns about judicious testing and informed consent.ObjectiveTo describe and analyze information on websites that sell DTC AMH tests.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsQualitative study including content analysis of text information from websites in multiple countries that sell AMH tests DTC. The top 50 search results from 4 different internet search strings were captured and reviewed for eligibility. Data were extracted in March 2022 and analyzed from April 2022 to July 2023.Main outcomes and measuresThemes and categories were derived from the website content using a conventional inductive approach, with a particular focus on information content, quality and accuracy, as well as the tone and language used.ResultsTwenty-seven websites across 7 different countries formed the sample for analysis. Information varied considerably across websites and was organized into 6 overarching categories: (1) whether a test description was included (25 websites [93%]); (2) statements about what the test can do, which included indicating ovarian reserve (26 websites [96%]) and indicating likelihood of conceiving (20 websites [74%]); (3) statements about the usefulness of the test result, which included enabling women to adjust their reproductive timeline (11 websites [41%]) and determining whether egg freezing was a viable option (8 websites [30%]); (4) blood collection method (ie, through a laboratory or an at-home sample); (5) promotion tactics, such as stating the convenience of testing (24 websites [89%]) and using language promoting empowerment and control (7 websites [26%]); and (6) statements about limitations of the test, which included polycystic ovary syndrome falsely inflating AMH levels (13 websites [48%]) and that it cannot accurately predict chances of conceiving (9 websites [33%]).Conclusion and relevanceIn this qualitative study including content analysis, most websites selling DTC AMH tests included false and misleading claims which might lead consumers to purchase an AMH test in the belief that it can reliably predict fertility potential and age of menopause. Depending on the test result, this may in turn lead to misplaced anxiety or reassurance about one’s fertility and modifications to subsequent conception or contraceptive plans and behavior.

show abstract

Why do people postpone parenthood? Reasons and social policy incentives

Cited by 797 publications

References 131 publications

The role of fertility preservation in patients with endometriosis

The role of fertility preservation in patients with endometriosis

Future Fertility in Low Fertility Countries

Websites Selling Direct-to-Consumer Anti-Mullerian Hormone Tests

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About