“…Despite the fact that several RCTs have explored the impact of wholegrain on insulin sensitivity [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ], a meta-analysis of the available RCTs on this topic has never been performed. The only exception is the meta-analysis of Marventano et al [ 60 ], which only includes studies in which insulin sensitivity was evaluated by the measurement of fasting insulin concentrations and/or the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. The results of the meta-analysis showed no evidence of an effect on HOMA-IR in medium-term interventions comparing wholegrain consumption with a refined cereal diet (MD = −0.18, 95% CI: −0.48, 0.13).…”