Whole Genome Sequence of an Edible Mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata (Daqiugaigu)

Abstract

Stropharia rugosoannulata, also known as Daqiugaigu in China, is a well-known edible mushroom that has been widely cultivated in China in recent years. Many studies have focused on its nutrients, bioactive compounds, and lignin degradation capacity, although there are few molecular and genetic breeding studies due to the lack of genomic information. Here, we present the 47.9 Mb genome sequence of an S. rugosoannulata monokaryotic strain (A15), which has 20 contigs and an N50 of 3.64 Mb, which was obtained by a combination of Illumina and Nanopore sequencing platforms. Further analysis predicted 12,752 protein-coding genes, including 486 CAZyme-encoding genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close evolutionary relationship between S. rugosoannulata and Hypholoma sublateritium, Psilocybe cyanescens, and Galerina marginata based on single-copy orthologous genes. Proteomic analysis revealed different protein expression profiles between the cap and the stipe of the S. rugosoannulata fruiting body. The proteins of the stipe associated with carbon metabolism, energy production, and stress-response-related biological processes had higher abundance, whereas proteins involved in fatty acid synthesis and mRNA splicing showed higher expression in the cap than in the stipe. The genome of S. rugosoannulata will provide valuable genetic resources not only for comparative genomic analyses and evolutionary studies among Basidiomycetes but also for alleviating the bottlenecks that restrict the molecular breeding of this edible mushroom.

Whole-genome sequence of a high-temperature edible mushroom Pleurotus giganteus (zhudugu)

“…Bioactive compounds and the mating system of this mushroom have been studied for many years; however, molecular and genetic studies on P. giganteus are rare due to the lack of genomic information. Owing to the advent of single-molecule real-time sequencing technologies, the continuity of mushroom genome assemblies [such as Lentinus edodes ( Zhang et al, 2021 ; Yu et al, 2022 ), Agrocybe cylindracea ( Liang et al, 2020 ), Auricularia heimuer ( Yuan et al, 2019 ; Fang et al, 2020 ), Stropharia rugosoannulata ( Li et al, 2022 ), Russula griseocarnosa ( Yu et al, 2020 ), Hericium erinaceus ( Gong et al, 2020 ), Phellinus gilvus ( Huo et al, 2020 ), etc.] reached several orders of magnitude higher when compared with Illumina assemblies.…”

Edible and medicinal fungi breeding techniques, a review: Current status and future prospects

“…A high quality whole-genome sequence of Sanghuang, P. gilvus strain S12 was reported and The related candidate genes of phenylpropanoids' synthesis pathway was screened by molecular docking analysis ( Huo et al, 2020 ). Genome sequence was condected in the S. rugosoannulata monokaryotic strain (A15) (S. Li et al, 2022 ). Genome sequence provides important insights into the biology of medicinal mushroom R. griseocarnosa (F. Yu, Song, Liang, Wang and Lu, 2020 ).…”

Responses of the Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus under Different CO2 Concentration by Comparative Proteomic Analyses

“…Mushrooms are macrofungi with epigeous or hypogeous distinct fruiting bodies [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The aggregation of hyphae occurs in the early stage of fruiting body development [ 4 ], and fruiting body shape can be immediately affected by environmental factors, including nutrients, humidity, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, gravity, and light [ 5 ].…”