Whole-genome analysis of coxsackievirus B3 reflects its genetic diversity in China and worldwide

Yang, Qian; Yan, Dongmei; Song, Yang; Zhu, Shuangli; He, Yun; Han, Zhaoxia; Wang, Dongyan; Ji, Tianjiao; Zhang, Yong; Xu, Wenbo

doi:10.1186/s12985-022-01796-0

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…29 Coxsackievirus B3 has a worldwide geographic distribution. 30 Coxsackievirus B3 is associated with myocarditis in addition to meningitis and most commonly infects infants, which coincides with the age group represented in this study (Median age of 3.5 months; supplementary table). 31 Three genotypes were detected from Enterovirus C species during this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“… 28 However, Figure 3 shows that the coxsackievirus B3 strain also clustered closely with a strain detected in France in 2017 (GenBank accession number MK281354) 29 . Coxsackievirus B3 has a world‐wide geographic distribution 30 . Coxsackievirus B3 is associated with myocarditis in addition to meningitis and most commonly infects infants, which coincides with the age group represented in this study (Median age of 3.5 months; supplementary table) 31 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Diversity of enteroviruses in cerebrospinal fluid specimens collected from hospitalised patients in the private and public sector in South Africa

Janse van Rensburg,

Mans,

Mafuyeka

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Enteroviruses cause a wide range of neurological illnesses such as encephalitis, meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis. Two types of enteroviruses, echovirus E4 and E9, have recently been detected in South Africa and are known to be associated with meningitis and encephalitis. The objective of this study was to characterize enterovirus strains detected in cerebrospinal fluid specimens of hospitalized patients in the private and public sector to identify genotypes associated with meningitis and encephalitis. From January 2019 to June 2021 enterovirus positive nucleic acid samples were obtained from a private (n = 116) and a public sector (n = 101) laboratory. These enteroviruses were typed using a nested set of primers targeting the VP1 region of the enterovirus genome, followed by Sanger sequencing and BLASTn analysis. Forty‐two percent (91/217) of the strains could be genotyped. Enterovirus B species was the major species detected in 95% (86/91) of the specimens, followed by species C in 3% (3/91) and species A in 2% (2/91) of the specimens. Echovirus E4 and E9 were the two major types identified in this study and were detected in 70% (64/91) and in 10% (9/91) of specimens, respectively. Echovirus E11 has previously been identified in sewage samples from South Africa, but this study is the first to report Echovirus E11 in cerebrospinal fluid specimens from South African patients. The genotypes identified during this study are known to be associated with encephalitis and meningitis. The predominant detection of echovirus E4 followed by E9 corresponds with other studies conducted in South Africa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Diversity of enteroviruses in cerebrospinal fluid specimens collected from hospitalised patients in the private and public sector in South Africa

Janse van Rensburg,

Mans,

Mafuyeka

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Recombination affects virulence and the ability of the virus to spread in the nonstructural protein regions (P2 and P3) and may lead to outbreaks of this serotype ( 22 , 24 ). EV-B is more prone to recombination events and has been reported for serotypes E7, CVA9, CVB3, and CVB5 ( 6 , 25 – 27 ). The results of this study showed that the two E5 strains have high similarity with other serotypes in the nonstructural region, such as CVA9, E6, E11, and EV-B85, which were highly similar to the CVA9 and EV-B85 isolates in the Xinjiang and Tibetan regions of China in the 3C-3′UTR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Phylogenetic characteristics and recombination analysis of echovirus 5 associated with severe acute respiratory infection in China

Li,

Song,

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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Echovirus 5 (E5) belongs to the enterovirus B (EV-B) species, which is one of the pathogens causing respiratory diseases. Only two whole genome sequences (WGSs) of E5 are available in GenBank, and few studies on E5 have been reported worldwide. In this study, human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells were used to isolate E5 from respiratory samples associated with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). The nucleotide sequence of the VP1 region and the WGSs of two E5 strains were sequenced using Sanger sequencing and high-throughput sequencing technology, respectively. Together with 31 E5 VP1 sequences and 2 WGSs downloaded from GenBank, a total of 33 complete VP1 sequences and 4 WGSs were used for genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed five genotypes (A–E) based on complete VP1 sequences. Evolutionary analysis showed that the time to the most recent common ancestor of E5 was approximately 1952 (95% highest posterior density [HPD] range, 1948–1953]), with a mean substitution rate of 7.74 × 10 −3 subs/site/year (95% HPD range, 6.44–9.11 × 10 −3 ). In addition, the WGS analyses showed that the nucleotide and amino acid similarities of the coding regions of the two strains obtained in this study with the prototype of the E5 strain Noyce were 80.2% and 97.2%, respectively. Recombination analysis showed that the two E5 strains may have intraspecific recombination with E6, EV-B85, and CVA9 serotypes in the nonstructural region. This study reports the isolation of E5 from SARI cases for the first time, and genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis provide valuable information on global E5 molecular epidemiology. IMPORTANCE This study is the first report of echovirus 5 (E5) associated with severe acute respiratory infection and obtained the first E5 whole-genome sequence in China. Combined with the sequences available in the GenBank database, the first genotyping, phylogenetic characteristics, recombination, and genetic evolutionary analysis of E5 was performed in this study. Our findings providing valuable information on global E5 molecular epidemiology.

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“…EV71 and CVA16 are responsible for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), with EV71 being particularly responsible for causing severe illness and fatalities [ 1 , 2 ]. CVB3 is responsible for various human diseases, including viral myocarditis [ 3 ] and pancreatitis [ 4 , 5 ]. Human EV71, CVA16, and CVB3 infections are complex and involve interactions with host cells and immune responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Mechanisms of Saucerneol from Saururus chinensis against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackievirus A16, and Coxsackievirus B3: Role of Mitochondrial ROS and the STING/TKB-1/IRF3 Pathway

Song,

Mun,

Yang

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Enterovirus A71 (EV71), coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), and coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) are pathogenic members of the Picornaviridae family that cause a range of diseases, including severe central nervous system complications, myocarditis, and pancreatitis. Despite the considerable public health impact of these viruses, no approved antiviral treatments are currently available. In the present study, we confirmed the potential of saucerneol, a compound derived from Saururus chinensis, as an antiviral agent against EV71, CVA16, and CVB3. In the in vivo model, saucerneol effectively suppressed CVB3 replication in the pancreas and alleviated virus-induced pancreatitis. The antiviral activity of saucerneol is associated with increased mitochondrial ROS (mROS) production. In vitro inhibition of mROS generation diminishes the antiviral efficacy of saucerneol. Moreover, saucerneol treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of STING, TBK-1, and IRF3 in EV71- and CVA16-infected cells, indicating that its antiviral effects were mediated through the STING/TBK-1/IRF3 antiviral pathway, which was activated by increased mROS production. Saucerneol is a promising natural antiviral agent against EV71, CVA16, and CVB3 and has potential against virus-induced pancreatitis and myocarditis. Further studies are required to assess its safety and efficacy, which is essential for the development of effective antiviral strategies against these viruses.

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Whole-genome analysis of coxsackievirus B3 reflects its genetic diversity in China and worldwide

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

Diversity of enteroviruses in cerebrospinal fluid specimens collected from hospitalised patients in the private and public sector in South Africa

Diversity of enteroviruses in cerebrospinal fluid specimens collected from hospitalised patients in the private and public sector in South Africa

Phylogenetic characteristics and recombination analysis of echovirus 5 associated with severe acute respiratory infection in China

Antiviral Mechanisms of Saucerneol from Saururus chinensis against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackievirus A16, and Coxsackievirus B3: Role of Mitochondrial ROS and the STING/TKB-1/IRF3 Pathway

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