Whole genome analysis of a novel neurotropic bovine astrovirus detected in a Japanese black steer with non-suppurative encephalomyelitis in Japan

Hirashima, Yoshimasa; Okada, Daisuke; Shibata, S.; Yoshida, Shu; Fujisono, Shoichiro; Omatsu, Tsutomu; Mizutani, Tetsuya; Nagai, Makoto

doi:10.1007/s00705-018-3898-3

Cited by 15 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Subsequently, BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1 was identified in 2017 in cases of bovine encephalitis in eastern and western Canada (Spinato et al, 2017; Selimovic-Hamza et al, 2017b). In 2018, a novel neuroinvasive BoAstV closely related with North American and European BoAstV-NeuroS1/BoAstV-CH13, was identified in a steer with non-suppurative encephalomyelitis in Japan, and the occurrence of intra-genotypic recombination between the North American and European strains was suggested (Hirashima et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Case of Bovine Astrovirus-Associated Encephalitis in the Southern Hemisphere (Uruguay), Uncovers Evidence of Viral Introduction to the Americas From Europe

et al. 2019

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Astrovirus species members of the Mamastrovirus genus (family Astroviridae ) have been increasingly recognized as neuroinvasive pathogens in various mammals, including humans, mink, cattle, sheep, and pigs. While cases of astrovirus-associated encephalitis have been reported in North America, Europe, and Asia, their presence has never been documented in the Southern hemisphere. This paper describes a case of astrovirus-associated encephalitis in cattle in Uruguay that broadens the geographic distribution and genetic diversity of neuroinvasive astroviruses and provides phylogeographic evidence of viral introduction to the Americas from Europe. A 22-month-old Holstein steer from a farm in Colonia Department, Uruguay developed progressive neurological signs over a 3-days period before dying. Histopathological examination of the brain and proximal cervical spinal cord revealed disseminated, moderate to severe lymphocytic, histiocytic, and plasmacytic poliomeningoencephalomyelitis with neuronal necrosis. A Mamastrovirus strain in the CH13/NeuroS1 clade, that we called bovine astrovirus (BoAstV)-Neuro-Uy, was identified by reverse transcriptase PCR followed by nearly complete genome sequencing. Additionally, BoAstV was detected intralesionally in the brain by chromogenic RNA in situ hybridization within neuronal perikarya, axons and dendrites. Phylogenetic analysis of BoAstV-Neuro-Uy revealed a close relationship to neurotropic BoAstVs within the Virginia/Human-Mink-Ovine clade, which contains a growing cadre of neuroinvasive astroviruses. Analyzing the complete coding region of neuroinvasive BoAstVs sequences available in GenBank, we estimated an evolutionary rate of 4.27 × 10 -4 (95% HPD 2.19–6.46 × 10 -4 ) nucleotide substitutions/site/year. Phylogeographic analysis suggests that the common viral ancestor circulated in Europe between 1794–1940, and was introduced in Uruguay between 1849–1967, to later spread to North America and Japan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Case of Bovine Astrovirus-Associated Encephalitis in the Southern Hemisphere (Uruguay), Uncovers Evidence of Viral Introduction to the Americas From Europe

et al. 2019

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“…On the other hand, it is important to study the consequence of asymptomatic cases in the epidemiology and transmission of the virus [17]. Interestingly, most of the strains from throughout the world [17,18,[20][21][22] that could belong to the MAstV characterized in this work were mainly detected in diarrheic samples, although the role of BoAstV in the development of diarrhea in cattle needs further clarification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The 432-nucleotide fragment of the polymerase gene of AstV [13] has been widely used for the screening of BoAstV throughout the world, both in fecal and central nervous system samples [11,[18][19][20]; the RT-PCR has become a common tool for the detection of astrovirus because of its higher sensitivity compared with other techniques [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence indicates that the BoAstVs that belong to MAstV-13 are associated with neurological diseases and encephalitis [3,4,20], while the other species are not clearly associated to disease, but are excreted in feces [11,13,18,22,23], and/or detected in nasopharyngeal exudates [5]. On the other hand, it is important to study the consequence of asymptomatic cases in the epidemiology and transmission of the virus [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bovine Astrovirus Surveillance in Uruguay Reveals High Detection Rate of a Novel Mamastrovirus Species

Castells

Bertoni

Caffarena

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Viral infections affecting cattle lead to economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide, but little is known about the circulation, pathogenicity and genetic diversity of enteric bovine astrovirus (BoAstV) in America. The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence and genetic diversity of enteric BoAstV in dairy cattle in Uruguay. A total of 457 fecal and 43 intestinal contents from dairy calves were collected between July 2015 and May 2017 and tested by RT-PCR, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the polymerase and capsid regions. Twenty-six percent (128/500) of the samples were positive. Three different species within the Mamastrovirus genus were identified, including Mamastrovirus 28, Mamastrovirus 33 (3 samples each) and an unclassified Mamastrovirus species (19 samples). The unclassified species was characterized as a novel Mamastrovirus species. BoAstV circulates in Uruguayan dairy cattle with a high genetic diversity. The eventual clinicopathological significance of enteric BoAstV infection in cattle needs further investigation.

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“…Together they form the monophyletic group known as 'human mink ovine astroviruses' (HMO-AstV). This group has been linked to neurologic disease in humans (Lum et al, 2016;Naccache et al, 2015;Quan et al, 2010;Wunderli et al, 2011), mink (Blomstrom et al, 2010), and cattle (Hirashima et al, 2018;Li et al, 2013;Perot et al, 2017). The parsimonious explanation for the polyphyletic nature of human astroviruses is that at some point in their evolution history, at least some astrovirus species either crossed over from animals to humans or vice versa.…”

Section: Interspecies Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrovirus evolution and emergence

Wohlgemuth

Honce

Schultz‐Cherry

2019

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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A B S T R A C TAstroviruses are small, non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that belong to the Astroviridae family. Astroviruses infect diverse hosts and are typically associated with gastrointestinal illness; although disease can range from asymptomatic to encephalitis depending on the host and viral genotype. Astroviruses have high genetic variability due to an error prone polymerase and frequent recombination events between strains. Once thought to be species specific, recent evidence suggests astroviruses can spread between different host species, although the frequency with which this occurs and the restrictions that regulate the process are unknown. Recombination events can lead to drastic evolutionary changes and contribute to cross-species transmission events. This work reviews the current state of research on astrovirus evolution and emergence, especially as it relates to cross-species transmission and recombination of astroviruses.

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Whole genome analysis of a novel neurotropic bovine astrovirus detected in a Japanese black steer with non-suppurative encephalomyelitis in Japan

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

The First Case of Bovine Astrovirus-Associated Encephalitis in the Southern Hemisphere (Uruguay), Uncovers Evidence of Viral Introduction to the Americas From Europe

The First Case of Bovine Astrovirus-Associated Encephalitis in the Southern Hemisphere (Uruguay), Uncovers Evidence of Viral Introduction to the Americas From Europe

Bovine Astrovirus Surveillance in Uruguay Reveals High Detection Rate of a Novel Mamastrovirus Species

Astrovirus evolution and emergence

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