Astrovirus evolution and emergence

Wohlgemuth, Nicholas; Honce, Rebekah; Schultz‐Cherry, Stacey

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2019.01.009

Cited by 85 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Multiple interspecies transmission events have occurred among human astroviruses, non-human mammalian astroviruses, and avian astroviruses [58]. There have been reports of Avastrovirus infecting mammalian species in ecotones, such as small and medium sized farms that rear multiple species [58,59]. The prevalent interspecies transmission of astroviruses reflects their varying origins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of Codon Usage on Porcine Astrovirus

Bao

Mou

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Porcine astrovirus (PAstV), associated with mild diarrhea and neurological disease, is transmitted in pig farms worldwide. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the main factors affecting codon usage to PAstVs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the subtype PAstV-5 sat at the bottom of phylogenetic tree, followed by PAstV-3, PAstV-1, PAstV-2, and PAstV-4, indicating that the five existing subtypes (PAstV1-PAstV5) may be formed by multiple differentiations of PAstV ancestors. A codon usage bias was found in the PAstVs-2,3,4,5 from the analyses of effective number of codons (ENC) and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU). Nucleotides A/U are more frequently used than nucleotides C/G in the genome CDSs of the PAstVs-3,4,5. Codon usage patterns of PAstV-5 are dominated by mutation pressure and natural selection, while natural selection is the main evolutionary force that affects the codon usage pattern of PAstVs-2,3,4. The analyses of codon adaptation index (CAI), relative codon deoptimization index (RCDI), and similarity index (SiD) showed the codon usage similarities between the PAstV and animals might contribute to the broad host range and the cross-species transmission of astrovirus. Our results provide insight into understanding the PAstV evolution and codon usage patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of Codon Usage on Porcine Astrovirus

Bao

Mou

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…Enteroviruses have been frequently observed to recombine to permit the emergence of new viral strains [127,128], and indeed OPV and circulating enteroviruses also have the capacity to generate recombinants with enhanced pathogenicity and fitness [129]. Recombination events are also frequent in human and animal AstV [130] and NoV [131]. Because RV is a segmented RNA virus, a concerning outcome for co-infection is reassortment of the viral genome that can facilitate the emergence of novel epidemic strains [132].…”

Section: Viral Recombination or Reassortmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Viral Co-Infections: Pathogenesis and Perspective

Makimaa

Ingle

Baldridge

2020

Viruses

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Enteric viral co-infections, infections involving more than one virus, have been reported for a diverse group of etiological agents, including rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus, and enteroviruses. These pathogens are causative agents for acute gastroenteritis and diarrheal disease in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals of all ages globally. Despite virus–virus co-infection events in the intestine being increasingly detected, little is known about their impact on disease outcomes or human health. Here, we review what is currently known about the clinical prevalence of virus–virus co-infections and how co-infections may influence vaccine responses. While experimental investigations into enteric virus co-infections have been limited, we highlight in vivo and in vitro models with exciting potential to investigate viral co-infections. Many features of virus–virus co-infection mechanisms in the intestine remain unclear, and further research will be critical.

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“…Astroviruses, belonging to the Astroviridae, are non-enveloped with a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. The family Astroviridae is divided into genus Mamastrovirus including viruses that infect mammals and genus Avastrovirus including viruses that infect avian species (1)(2)(3). The virus particles are 28-30 nm with a star-like morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses officially divided the Avastrovirus genus into three species, namely, Avastrovirus 1 (turkey), Avastrovirus 2 (chicken), and Avastrovirus 3 (duck) (9). Increasing evidence reveals that CAstV have strong associations with diseases of young birds such as runting and stunting syndrome (RSS), kidney disease with visceral gout, and "white chicks" hatchery disease in different countries and regions of the world (1,2,(9)(10)(11). Some of the CAstV strains can transmit either horizontally or vertically (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Isolation and Molecular Characterization of an Astrovirus From “Yellow” Chickens, China

Zhao

Yao

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Chicken astrovirus (CAstV) infection is strongly associated with kidney disease, gout, "white chicks" hatchery disease, and runting and stunting syndrome (RSS). In the present study, 82.5% of 154 clinical samples from different provinces in China were positive for CAstV by RT-PCR. One CAstV isolate, designated as AAstV/Chicken/CHN/2017/NJ01, was successfully isolated from the small intestine of "Yellow" chickens using LMH cells. The genome sequence and structure analyses revealed that NJ1701 had the typical characteristics of avian astroviruses which was genetically distinct from other Avastrovirus. This isolate was classified as Group B subgroup i based on phylogenetic analysis of complete ORF2 (capsid) amino acid sequences. Meanwhile, growth depression and hatchability reduction were observed in the chicken embryo infection experiment. The results in the current study will contribute to our understanding of chicken astrovirus in China.

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Astrovirus evolution and emergence

Cited by 85 publications

References 119 publications

Comprehensive Analysis of Codon Usage on Porcine Astrovirus

Comprehensive Analysis of Codon Usage on Porcine Astrovirus

Enteric Viral Co-Infections: Pathogenesis and Perspective

The Isolation and Molecular Characterization of an Astrovirus From “Yellow” Chickens, China

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