Whither Geoeconomics? Bureaucratic Inertia in U.S. Post-Cold War Foreign Policy toward East Asia

Castro, Renato Cruz De

doi:10.1080/00927670009601472

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…The bureaucratic friction effect (Williams 2020) was the first aspect recognised regarding the question of the lack of interorganisational interconnectedness. In other words, the results reflect the statement that these conditions are induced by bureaucratic inertia (Congleton 1982;de Castro 2000;Kumar et al 2007;Munck af Rosenschöld et al 2014). The bureaucracy is overly centralised in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Bureaucratic inertia in dealing with annual forest fires in Indonesia

Purnomo

Ramdani

Agustiyara³

et al. 2021

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Indonesia has sustained annual forest fires since the 1990s related to land clearing activities for agriculture. The Indonesian Government has made substantial efforts to resolve annual fires by improving intergovernmental coordination at national and local levels. Overall, 96 government agencies are liable for controlling forest fire. This study explores local to central government’s bureaucratic reluctance in addressing forest fires, focusing on Riau Province, the most forest fire-prone region in Indonesia. Data were collected from 2015 to 2019 using participatory observation, engaging in meetings of key players; in-depth interviews with key heads of relevant agencies, officials, and NGOs; and a questionnaire for Social Network Analysis. The results show that there are seven influential institutions for addressing land and forest fires in Riau. However, the power of the decision-making process is concentrated at the level of the President and the Governor as the regional leader, which implies that large institutions involved in fire response have less power and responsibility owing in part to bureaucratic inertia as bureaucracy is overly centralised and less responsive. In the long term, devolution of government authority from the central to the local level is required to furnish front-line institutions with the power to deal with the fires.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Bureaucratic inertia in dealing with annual forest fires in Indonesia

Purnomo

Ramdani

Agustiyara³

et al. 2021

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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“…Other works have found that bureaucratic inertia has a strong effect on the policymaking process. Specifically, bureaucratic inertia has been shown to affect the longevity of NATO (McCalla, 1996), US military expenditures (Moll & Luebbert, 1980), and US foreign policy toward Asia after the Cold War (De Castro, 2000). This same bureaucratic inertia should also affect the continuation of aid.…”

Section: Examining the Goals Of Us Foreign Assistance: A New Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Goals of US Foreign Assistance in the Post-cold War Period, 1991-96

Lai

2003

Journal of Peace Research

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The current literature examining US foreign assistance goals in the post-Cold War period has found that security is declining in importance and that the USA is aiding democracies while also supporting abusers of human rights. This article examines a previously untested neorealist hypothesis about the changing nature of US security goals following the end of the Cold War. Security for the USA, according to neorealists, is changing as the distribution of power changes. This paper also tests hypotheses about different liberal goals the USA might pursue. Finally, this article uses more appropriate and novel methods to test these models, including analysis of what determines when a state initially gets aid and what their initial aid allocation is. Unlike previous studies, security is found to still be important but changing as the balance of power changes after the end of the Cold War. Also, human rights abusers are likely to receive less aid. Finally, this article demonstrates that the econometric methods used to analyze foreign aid data play a large role in discerning what factors actually affect aid decisions.

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“…Geopolitics is an old expression shaped by both academic and popular usages going back to imperial concerns with the links between geography, state territoriality, and world power politics. By contrast, geoeconomics is a relatively new term that has had much more limited academic adoption and that is used in popular writings to express ideas ranging from managerial concerns over the competitive economic positioning of states and cities (e.g., Schlevogt 2001) to the basic “post–Cold War” strategic notion that economic competition has now eclipsed military confrontation at the center of interstate relations (e.g., Cruz de Castro 2000). Geographers have used geoeconomics (or close homonyms such as geoeconomy) to describe a still wider array of developments ranging from the regional economic impacts of military base closures (Warf 1997), to the emergence of postnational commercial strategies (Barton 1999), to the political consolidation of Euroland (Pollard and Sidaway 2002), to the uneven geographies of the global economy (Dicken 2003).…”

Section: Geopolitics Geoeconomics and The Power Of Imaginative Geogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geopolitical Fears, Geoeconomic Hopes, and the Responsibilities of Geography

Sparke

2007

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

153

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Geographers have a responsibility to examine persistently, collaboratively, and critically the geographical grounds of hope and fear. We can help debunk false hopes and groundless fears, and in so doing we can also advance more sensible hopes based on more embodied and accountable experiences of fear. The case of the Iraq war shows how the groundless geopolitical fears about Iraq's weapons of mass destruction and Al Qaeda connections were combined with equally groundless geoeconomic hopes about making the middle of the Middle East into a bastion of peace and freedom through free-market reforms. These geopolitical and geoeconomic discourses were imagined as part of a foreign policy of accumulation by dispossession. Other, more grounded accounts of the real fears created by dispossession can lead instead to more realistically hopeful geographies of repossession.

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Whither Geoeconomics? Bureaucratic Inertia in U.S. Post-Cold War Foreign Policy toward East Asia

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Bureaucratic inertia in dealing with annual forest fires in Indonesia

Bureaucratic inertia in dealing with annual forest fires in Indonesia

Examining the Goals of US Foreign Assistance in the Post-cold War Period, 1991-96

Geopolitical Fears, Geoeconomic Hopes, and the Responsibilities of Geography

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