White Spot Lesions: An Iatrogenic Effect of Fixed Orthodontic Therapy

Abstract

White spot lesions (WSL) around orthodontic attachments are unsightly, and one of the common side effects of fixed orthodontic treatment. Poor oral hygiene during fixed orthodontic treatment leads the plaque accumulation around the brackets which produces demineralization of enamel or subsurface lesions or WSL. Treatment options for WSL vary widely from natural self-recovery to extensive restorative treatment. The severity of the WSL acts as the key determent factor for choosing the best treatment option. Till date various studies were conducted to confirm the reports on remineralisation and to understand the mechanism which is still unknown. Many new concepts are emerging to better understand the factors which promote remineralisation and produce morphologically stable results. Recent investigations have primarily focused on various calcium phosphate-based technologies which are designed to supplement and enhance fluoride’s ability to restore tooth mineral. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview regarding the new diagnostic methods and recent techniques available for early detection and management of WSL.

Efficacy of F-ACP-Containing Dental Mousse in the Remineralization of White Spot Lesions after Fixed Orthodontic Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…A rapid increase in dental plaque induces a change in microbial composition, higher levels of acidogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli, and a persistently low pH for a longer period, leading to demineralization of dental enamel [ 4 , 5 ].…”

“…The onset of WSLs around the orthodontic attachments is one of the most common disadvantages of fixed appliance treatment. WSLs are more frequent in patients with orthodontic appliances than in those without [ 4 ] and become clinically visible approximately 4 weeks after the initiation of fixed appliance therapy in patients with poor oral hygiene [ 6 ].…”