White matter microstructural abnormalities in bipolar disorder: A whole brain diffusion tensor imaging study

Barysheva, Marina; Jahanshad, Neda; Foland‐Ross, Lara C.; Altshuler, Lori L.; Thompson, Paul M.

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2013.03.016

Cited by 84 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In addition, these images align with Barysheva et al [4] and Thomason and Thompson [5] who also reported atrophy in callosum and cortical association fibers in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. Specifically, the lack of connectivity in the genu and splenium corpus callosi and in the frontal areas shown in this case series mirror the available data [3][4][5] and suggest that DTI may help to neurologically characterize bipolar illness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The lifetime rate of substance abuse in those with bipolar disorder is about 60% with half of this subset addicted to cocaine [2]. In the past decade, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques have provided mounting evidence showing that atrophied white matter tracks primarily in the corpus callosi and frontocortical areas are common in bipolar disorder without cocaine abuse [3][4][5]. Others find corpus callous and orbitofrontal areas with white matter atrophy in those with cocaine abuse without bipolar illness [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Bipolar Disorder with Cocaine Dependence vs. a Healthy Control: Preliminary Findings

Nejtek

2014

Brain Disord Ther

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Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) has been a useful technology to examine brain anomalies in relation to white matter atrophy in neurologically impaired patient populations. Of particular interest is using DTI to better characterize brain structure in patients with mental illness or addiction. To that end, the available data show white matter atrophy in brain areas that underlie executive functioning, emotion, and memory in those with bipolar disorder. In those with substance use disorders, the current data illustrate white matter atrophy in the corpus callosi. However, studies examining white matter connectivity and atrophy in those with co-occurring bipolar and cocaine use disorders are lacking. Here, an exploratory case series illustrating differences in white matter connectivity among two subjects with co-occurring bipolar and cocaine use disorders in comparison to a healthy control are shown.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Bipolar Disorder with Cocaine Dependence vs. a Healthy Control: Preliminary Findings

Nejtek

2014

Brain Disord Ther

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“…Although findings are heterogeneous, the most consistent findings have been of decreased FA and/or increased mean diffusivity (MD) in limbic-striatal, callosal and prefrontal regions in adults (Barysheva et al, 2013). FA represents the fraction of the tensor that can be assigned to anisotropic diffusion, and is sensitive to structural differences in myelination, axonal density, axonal caliber and fiber coherence (Cheng et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric, cortical thickness and white matter integrity alterations in bipolar disorder type I and II

Maller

Thaveenthiran

Thomson

et al. 2014

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…DTI produces FA as a measure of the orientational coherence of water diffusion. Low FA values may suggest loss of white matter integrity, decrease in axonal density, or disorganization of axonal structure (18)(19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural effects of Ramadan fasting on the brain: a diffusion tensor imaging study

Bakan¹,

Yıldız²,

Alkan³

et al. 2015

Diagn Interv Radiol

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE PURPOSE We aimed to examine whether the brain displays any microstructural changes after a three-week Ramadan fasting period using diffusion tenson imaging. METHODSThis study included a study and a control group of 25 volunteers each. In the study group, we examined and compared apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the participants during (phase 1) and after (phase 2) a period of fasting. The control group included individuals who did not fast. ADC and FA values obtained in phase 1 and phase 2 were compared between the study and control groups. RESULTSIn the study group, ADC values of hypothalamus and, to a lesser extent, of insula were lower in phase 1 compared with phase 2 and the control group. The FA values of amygdala, middle temporal cortex, thalamus and, to a lesser extent, of medial prefrontal cortex were lower in phase 1 compared with phase 2 and the control group. Phase 2 ADC and FA values of the study group were not significantly different compared with the control group at any brain location. CONCLUSION A three-week Ramadan fasting period can cause microstructural changes in the brain, and diffusion tensor imaging enables the visualization of these changes. The identification of brain locations where changes occurred in ADC and FA values during fasting can be helpful in diagnostic imaging and understanding the pathophysiology of eating disorders. Dietary changes such as hunger and thirst have metabolic, physiological, and neurological effects. Prior studies on the impact of hunger and thirst on brain functions were usually done with fasting individuals; and these studies investigated effects of fasting on psychomotor activities, sleep patterns, and motor cortex activity (1-3). A helpful way to understand effects of hunger and thirst on the brain is to examine neuroanatomical correlates of hunger and satiation with fasting individuals.In Islam, fasting during Ramadan, which is the ninth month of a lunar year, is an obligatory practice. Fasting for Muslims entails abstaining from food and drink from dawn till dusk. Depending on the season that Ramadan coincides with and the location, the duration of fasting may vary between approximately 10 and 20 hours.In the literature, different brain locations associated with hunger and satiety have been identified. In a study that used positron emission tomography, hunger was shown to be associated with an increase in neuronal activity in the hypothalamus, thalamus, basal ganglia, temporal cortex, cerebellum, insula, anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortex; and satiety was found to be related to increased neuronal activity in prefrontal cortex (4-5).Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques that are used to measure the molecular motion of fluid and to quantify the direction and magnitude of diffusion (6-7). DWI produces apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a measure of the diffusion, and DTI yields fractional anisotropy (FA) v...

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White matter microstructural abnormalities in bipolar disorder: A whole brain diffusion tensor imaging study

Cited by 84 publications

References 98 publications

Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Bipolar Disorder with Cocaine Dependence vs. a Healthy Control: Preliminary Findings

Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Bipolar Disorder with Cocaine Dependence vs. a Healthy Control: Preliminary Findings

Volumetric, cortical thickness and white matter integrity alterations in bipolar disorder type I and II

Microstructural effects of Ramadan fasting on the brain: a diffusion tensor imaging study

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