White-Light-Emitting Decoding Sensing for Eight Frequently-Used Antibiotics Based on a Lanthanide Metal-Organic Framework

Abstract

Developing multi-selective luminescence sensing technology to differentiate serial compounds is very important but challenging. White-light-emitting decoding sensing based on lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) is a promising candidate for multi-selective luminescence sensing application. In this work, three isomorphic Ln-MOFs based on H3dcpcpt (3-(3,5-dicarboxylphenyl)-5-(4-carboxylphenl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole) ligand, exhibiting red, blue, and green emission, respectively, have been synthesized by solvothermal reactions. The isostructural mixed Eu/Gd/Tb-dcpcpt is fabricated via the in-situ doping of different Ln3+ ions into the host framework, which can emit white light upon the excitation at 320 nm. It is noteworthy that this white-light-emitting complex could serve as a convenient luminescent platform for distinguishing eight frequently-used antibiotics: five through luminescence-color-changing processes (tetracycline hydrochloride, yellow; nitrofurazone, orange; nitrofurantoin, orange; sulfadiazine, blue; carbamazepine, blue) and three through luminescence quenching processes (metronidazole, dimetridazole, and ornidazole). Moreover, a novel method, 3D decoding map, has been proposed to realize multi-selective luminescence sensing applications. This triple-readout map features unique characteristics on luminescence color and mechanism. The mechanism has been systematically interpreted on the basis of the structural analysis, energy transfer and allocation process, and peak fitting analysis for photoluminescence spectra. This approach presents a promising strategy to explore luminescent platforms capable of effectively sensing serial compounds.

Lanthanide Isophthalate Metal‐Organic Frameworks: Crystal Structure, Thermal Behavior, and White Luminescence

“…Compared to the inorganic phosphors, LnMOFs compounds offer many advantages for the elaboration of new single‐phase phosphors such as their low temperature synthesis, the efficient antenna effect of the ligand, and the ease to homogenously co‐dope by Ln 3+ cation to generate various emission colors [19] . To conceive a single‐phase white‐luminescent MOF material, a promising approach consists in tuning the proportion of the blue emission of the organic ligand, the green light from Tb 3+ cation and the red color from Eu 3+ cation [11,13–18,20–26] . The tuning of relative proportion of each color can be optimized by adjusting the different amounts of the red and green emitters, but also by an adjustment of the excitation wavelength in order to modulate the blue emission of the ligand and obtain the required white emission [12,20] …”

“…[19] To conceive a single-phase white-luminescent MOF material, a promising approach consists in tuning the proportion of the blue emission of the organic ligand, the green light from Tb 3 + cation and the red color from Eu 3 + cation. [11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The tuning of relative proportion of each color can be optimized by adjusting the different amounts of the red and green emitters, but also by an adjustment of the excitation wavelength in order to modulate the blue emission of the ligand and obtain the required white emission. [12,20] For an efficient energy transfer from an organic linker to Eu 3 + and Tb 3 + ions, the ligand should have suitable triplet excited-state energy (between 22000 and 27000 cm À 1 ) matching the energy of the main accepting levels of Eu 3 + ( 5 D 1 : 19030 cm À 1 ) and Tb 3 + ( 5 D 4 : 20500 cm À 1 ).…”

Multi‐Emission from Single Metal–Organic Frameworks under Single Excitation

“…Thus, BYCDs@ ZIF-8-Cu 2+ acts as a good platform for ratiometric detection Reproduced with permission. [39] Copyright 2019, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. HPU-14@Tb 3+ @Eu 3+ HPU-14 Tb 3+ /Eu 3+ WLED and gaseous HCl sensing [65] Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ @[Zn(H 2 thca) 0.5 (tib)] Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ /H 2 thca WLED with ideal CIE coordinates of (0.3438, 0.3547).…”

“…Figure 5. a) The coordination environment of metal ions and H 3 dcpcpt ligand, and [Eu 0.41 Gd 0.42 Tb 0.17 (dcpcpt)(H 2 O)] n structure. b) CIE chromaticity diagram and luminescence spectra of [Eu 0.4 1Gd 0.42 Tb 0.17 (dcpcpt)(H 2 O)] n for different analytes at different concentrations.Reproduced with permission [39]. Copyright 2019, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.…”

Recent Progress on Luminescent Metal-Organic Framework-Involved Hybrid Materials for Rapid Determination of Contaminants in Environment and Food

“…White-light-emitting decoding sensing based on Ln-MOFs is an up-and-coming candidate for the multi-selective application of luminescence sensing. Yu et al [178] synthesized three isomorphic Ln-MOFs by solvothermal reactions with red, blue, and green emission, respectively. The white-light-emitting complex materials acted as a handy utility luminescent platform combined with a novel method of 3D decoding map for differentiating eight popularly-used antibiotics.…”