White enamel lesions in children: considering caries, chronological and congenital causes and their consequent care

Jandu, Jai; Dzyuba, Nikita; Barry, Siobhan

doi:10.1038/s41415-021-2838-x

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It is an innovative technology which fills the gap between the prevention and restoration of caries changes to one third of the dentine (D-1) [32]. It has many advantages: it retains the structure of the tooth, its effect is achieved in one visit, a mechanical stabilization of the demineralized enamel occurs, retention of the demineralization occurs, the risk of leakage of fillings and secondary caries is minimized, the aesthetic effect is better, and it is broadly accepted by patients [33][34][35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of Teeth Affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Using a Resin Infiltration Technique—A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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In recent years, an increase in children diagnosed with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) has been observed. Children with MIH show a high failure rate with conservative treatment. The ICON® system (DMG, Hamburg, Germany), which is an infiltration of decalcified lesions with resin, may strengthen the tooth structure, improve its aesthetics, and cure hypersensitivity. The following article is a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Scientific articles in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases describing the use of the ICON system in the treatment of MIH published in the years 2012–2022 were analyzed. Two independent study authors selected publications that show that the ICON system can be used during the treatment of children with MIH. So far, in the literature, there are no standardized protocols for the dental treatment of patients with hypomineralization of the incisors using the ICON system. Therefore, clinicians rarely use this method of treatment. The ICON system may be successfully used to infiltrate tooth decalcification in children with MIH. However, the depth of infiltration and the achievement of enamel hardness after such therapy are not precisely defined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The successful identification of an etiological white enamel lesion can provide clinicians with valuable insight into a patient's dentition [33]. The proper control of these changes remains essential for a correct diagnosis and offering the patient the correct treatment plan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Teeth Affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Using a Resin Infiltration Technique—A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Fluorine is an essential trace element that often exists in natural compounds and can be bioactive in humans. The intake of an appropriate amount of fluorine is beneficial, for example, for caries prevention and treatment [14]. Excessive intake of elemental fluoride, however, can cause damage to bones and other important organs in the body [15], such as the cardiovascular and hepatic systems and teeth [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 and related inflammatory factors in sodium fluoride-treated hepatocytes

Yang,

Shen,

Wang

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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At present, the mechanism of fluorosis-induced damage to the hepatic system is unclear. Studies have shown that excess fluoride causes some degree of damage to the liver, including inflammation. The SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis has been reported to have an impact on the regulation of inflammation in human cells. In this study, we investigated the role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis and related inflammatory factors in fluorosis through in vitro experiments on human hepatic astrocytes (LX-2) cultured with sodium fluoride. CCK-8 assays showed that the median lethal dose at 24 h was 2 mmol/l NaF, and these conditions were used for subsequent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. The protein expression levels of SDF-1/CXCR4 and the related inflammatory factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were detected by ELISAs from the experimental and control groups. The mRNA expression levels of these inflammatory indicators were also determined by qPCR in both groups. Moreover, the expression levels of these factors were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at both the protein and mRNA levels (P < 0.05). Excess fluorine may stimulate the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis, activating the inflammatory NF-κB signaling pathway and increasing the expression levels of the related inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β. Identification of this mechanism is important for elucidating the pathogenesis of fluorosis-induced liver injury.

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“…At present, for the treatment of white spot lesions, the commonly used methods in clinical practice include topical uorides, bleaching, microabrasion, resin in ltration, direct or indirect restorations, etc. [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The remineralization effect of GERM CLEAN on early enamel caries: An in vitro study

Wang

Xiong

Chen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: To evaluate the remineralization effect of GERM CLEAN, a novel antibacterial peptide, on early enamel caries.Methods: Forty human enamel blocks from thirty teeth were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1, 2, 3, 4 received GERM CLEAN (GC group)，GERM CLEAN and 1000 ppm fluoride (GC+NaF group), 1000 ppm fluoride (NaF group) and double distilled water (DDW), respectively. Specimens in these groups were subjected to demineralization for 3 days followed by pH cycling with intermittent treatment with the corresponding solutions for 14 days. After pH cycling, atomic force microscope (AFM), transverse micro-radiography (TMR), and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were conducted to analyse enamel blocks. Results: The study found that samples of the GC group showed smoother surfaces and less mineral loss than samples of the DDW group (P<0.05). Samples of the NaF group demonstrated the smoothest surfaces, the least mineral loss, and the shallowest lesion depth, which were similar to those of the GC+NaF group (P>0.05) and had significant differences than the DDW group and the GC group (P<0.05). Conclusions: GERM CLEAN has the potential to promote remineralization of demineralized enamel and could inhibit mineral loss to a certain extent.

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White enamel lesions in children: considering caries, chronological and congenital causes and their consequent care

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Management of Teeth Affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Using a Resin Infiltration Technique—A Systematic Review

Management of Teeth Affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Using a Resin Infiltration Technique—A Systematic Review

Expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 and related inflammatory factors in sodium fluoride-treated hepatocytes

The remineralization effect of GERM CLEAN on early enamel caries: An in vitro study

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