White biotechnology and the production of bio-products

Abstract

White biotechnology uses enzymes and microorganisms to produce value-added chemicals from renewable sources. White biotechnology provides valuable components for the food, pharmaceutical, agricultural sectors as well as other industries. Metabolic diversity in fungi, yeast, and bacteria can be exploited to produce food additives and other industrial products. This is an interesting topic for those interested in screening and metabolic testing of microorganisms, industrial biotechnology, fermentation technology, and the biological products research community. The use of microbial-derived compounds has a long history in the food industry, and compounds such as flavorings, essential amino acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, organic acids, gelling, etc. can be obtained from microbial sources. Also, the role of microbes in human health and wellbeing cannot be ignored. Microbes produce primary metabolites such as vitamins, nucleotides, and amino acids, as well as secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites are used to make many drugs. In agriculture, microbes are also used to make fertilizers and biological pesticides. This paper reviews the types of bio-products obtained through biotechnology and the barriers and challenges of white biotechnology.

Efficient Protein Expression and Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Regulation in Bacillus subtilis Driven by a T7-BOOST System

“…Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is an essential micronutrient as it is a direct precursor of the coenzymes flavin adenine (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which are crucial for cellular processes. 39,40 In B. subtilis, riboflavin is synthesized from GTP and ribulose-5-phosphate using the rib operon ribDEAHT and can be further transformed into FMN by the riboflavin kinase encoded by ribC (Figure 5d). 39 When the FMN levels are adequate, the rib operon is shut down by the FMN riboswitch located in the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of the mRNA of the rib operon.…”

Bio-based agricultural products: a sustainable alternative to agrochemicals for promoting a circular economy

“…The operator of the dispensing agent is safe with these formulae. Bio-products are produced by extracting or homogenizing microorganisms or macroorganisms 49 . Semiochemicals are complementary components to insecticide approaches in various integrated pest management strategies 50 .…”

“…Bio-products are produced by extracting or homogenizing microorganisms or macroorganisms. 49 Semiochemicals are complementary components of insecticide approaches in various integrated pest management strategies. 50 Semiochemical chemicals, such as a semiochemical biopesticide for the control of the cotton pest Helicoverpa spp., are substances that are used to communicate across species.…”

Scale‐related process heterogeneities change properties of high‐cell‐density fermentation broths demonstrated with Escherichia coli B and K‐12 strains

“…The importance of biotechnology continues to increase. This is true for white biotechnology, dealing with the production of enzymes and chemicals for various sectors, as well as for the biopharmaceutical industry, producing complex biomolecules for the treatment of different diseases 1,2 …”

“…This is true for white biotechnology, dealing with the production of enzymes and chemicals for various sectors, as well as for the biopharmaceutical industry, producing complex biomolecules for the treatment of different diseases. 1,2 As biotechnological processes deal with the cultivation and processing of cell suspensions, it is of major importance to understand the properties of the so-called fermentation broths. Factors such as viscosity can influence the cell cultivation part of the process, called upstream processing (USP), by influencing for example mixing and oxygen mass transfer.…”