Which was the habitat of early Eocene planktic foraminifer Chiloguembelina? Stable isotope paleobiology from the Atlantic Ocean and implication for paleoceanographic reconstructions

Luciani, Valeria; D’Onofrio, Roberta; Filippi, Giulia; Moretti, Simone

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103216

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, most Morozovella species usually exhibit less high δ 13 C and low δ 18 O values with respect to most acarininids. This feature has been found in examinations of the stable isotopic composition of late Paleocene and Eocene foraminiferal assemblages [41,64,71,72,[81][82][83]. Most morozovellids may have thus lived slightly deeper in the mixed-layer habitat or they may have sunk there at gametogenesis, as is further supported by the occurrence of a late stage crust in the test and by the isotope values.…”

Section: Permanent Morozovella and Acarinina Switch In Abundancesmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…This is in line with the evidence that this group proliferates at high latitude (e.g., [99]). However, their virtual disappearance~160 kyr before the K/X event is significant because this group becomes virtually absent also in the subtropical and temperate Atlantic Sites 1051 and 1263 at the beginning of the EECO slightly before (Site 1051) or at the K/X event (1263) [64]. This striking widespread decline through the Atlantic Ocean implies marked paleoceanographic changes.…”

Section: Chiloguembelinid Virtual Disappearance At the Eecomentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Most morozovellids may have thus lived slightly deeper in the mixed-layer habitat or they may have sunk there at gametogenesis, as is further supported by the occurrence of a late stage crust in the test and by the isotope values. These features are especially evident in M. aragonensis, M. lensiformis [71,72]) and possibly in M. aequa and M. subbotinae [41,64]. Changes in the vertical temperature or pH profile leading to more intense changes in the middle-lower mixed-layer with respect to the upper mixed-layer may have affected morozovellid reproduction at depth and reduced their abundance.…”

Section: Permanent Morozovella and Acarinina Switch In Abundancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For counting, we kept specimens of Subbotina senni separate from other subbotinids, because this taxon likely occupied a different habitat [38,41,[62][63][64]. Specifically, S. senni is considered a mixed-layer form that sank to middle mixed-layer or deeper depths during gametogenesis (e.g., [38,63] and references therein).…”

Section: Planktic Foraminiferal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This striking widespread decline through the Atlantic Ocean implies marked paleoceanographic changes. Recent analyses by [64] demonstrate the early Eocene Chiloguembelina occupied a thermocline niche, compatible with that of the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ), throughout the Atlantic Ocean as demonstrated by a stable isotope signature close to the deep-dweller Subbotina and benthic foraminifera. These authors hypothesize that intermediate water temperatures probably rose significantly during the EECO, thus becoming too warm for this genus.…”

Section: Chiloguembelinid Virtual Disappearance At the Eecomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demise of the Planktic Foraminifer Genus Morozovella during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum: New Records from ODP Site 1258 (Demerara Rise, Western Equatorial Atlantic) and Site 1263 (Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic)

et al. 2020

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Here we present relative abundances of planktic foraminifera that span the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO) at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1258 in the western equatorial Atlantic. The EECO (~53.3−49.1 Ma) represents peak Cenozoic warmth, probably related to high atmospheric CO2, and when planktic foraminifera, a dominant component of marine sediment, exhibit a major biotic response. Consistent with previous work, the relative abundance of the genus Morozovella, which dominated early Paleogene tropical-subtropical assemblages, markedly and permanently declined from a mean percentage of ~32% to less than ~7% at the beginning of the EECO. The distinct decrease in Morozovella abundance occurred at Site 1258 within ~20 kyr before a negative excursion in δ13C records known as the J event and which defines the beginning of EECO. Moreover, all morozovellid species except M. aragonensis dropped in abundance permanently at Site 1258, and this is related to a reduction in test-size. Comparing our data with that from other locations, the remarkable switch in planktonic foraminifera assemblages appears to have begun first with unfavourable environmental conditions near the Equator and then extended to higher latitudes. Several potential stressors may explain observations, including some combination of algal photosymbiont inhibition (bleaching), a sustained increase in temperature, or an extended decrease in pH.

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Section: Permanent Morozovella and Acarinina Switch In Abundancesmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Chiloguembelinid Virtual Disappearance At the Eecomentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Permanent Morozovella and Acarinina Switch In Abundancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Planktic Foraminiferal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chiloguembelinid Virtual Disappearance At the Eecomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demise of the Planktic Foraminifer Genus Morozovella during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum: New Records from ODP Site 1258 (Demerara Rise, Western Equatorial Atlantic) and Site 1263 (Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic)

et al. 2020

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Multiproxy analysis of paleoenvironmental, paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic changes during the early Danian in the Caravaca section (Spain)

Gilabert

Arenillas

Arz

et al. 2021

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change

Kearns¹,

Bohaty²,

Edgar³

et al. 2022

Paleobiology

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Understanding current and future biodiversity responses to changing climate is pivotal as anthropogenic climate change continues. This understanding is complicated by the multitude of available metrics to quantify dynamics and by biased sampling protocols. Here, we investigate the impact of sampling protocol strategies using a data-rich fossil record to calculate effective diversity using Hill numbers for the first time on Paleogene planktonic foraminifera. We sample 22,830 individual tests, in two different size classes, across a 7 Myr time slice of the middle Eocene featuring a major transient warming event, the middle Eocene climatic optimum (MECO; ~40 Ma), at study sites in the midlatitude North Atlantic. Using generalized additive models, we investigate community responses to climatic fluctuations. After correcting for any effects of fossil fragmentation, we show a peak in generic diversity in the early and middle stages of the MECO as well as divergent trajectories between the typical size-selected community (>180 μm) and a broader assemblage, including smaller genera (>63 μm). Assemblages featuring smaller genera are more resilient to the climatic fluctuations of the MECO than those assemblages that feature only larger genera, maintaining their community structure at the reference Hill numbers for Shannon's and Simpson's indices. These results raise fundamental questions about how communities respond to climate excursions. In addition, our results emphasize the need to design studies with the aim of collecting the most inclusive data possible to allow detection of community changes and determine which species are likely to dominate future environments.

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Which was the habitat of early Eocene planktic foraminifer Chiloguembelina? Stable isotope paleobiology from the Atlantic Ocean and implication for paleoceanographic reconstructions

Cited by 11 publications

References 57 publications

Demise of the Planktic Foraminifer Genus Morozovella during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum: New Records from ODP Site 1258 (Demerara Rise, Western Equatorial Atlantic) and Site 1263 (Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic)

Demise of the Planktic Foraminifer Genus Morozovella during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum: New Records from ODP Site 1258 (Demerara Rise, Western Equatorial Atlantic) and Site 1263 (Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic)

Multiproxy analysis of paleoenvironmental, paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic changes during the early Danian in the Caravaca section (Spain)

Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change

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