Which Latitudinal Gradients for Genetic Diversity?

Gratton, Paolo; Marta, Silvio; Bocksberger, Gaëlle; Winter, Marten; Keil, Petr; Trucchi, Emiliano; Kühl, Hjalmar S.

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2017.07.007

Cited by 32 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…After accounting for the distance‐decay of similarity, latitude still had an influence on the distribution of mtDNA diversity in birds, fishes and mammals, although this effect was only robust to rarefaction in mammals. This result is consistent with previous studies showing elevated genetic diversity in mammals at low latitudes (Miraldo et al ; Gratton et al ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The geographic distance among sequences was by far the strongest predictor of mtDNA diversity in our global data set of COI sequences from BOLD and GenBank. This confirms the necessity to account for distance when measuring genetic diversity (Gratton et al ), especially when sequences are aggregated across large spatial scales. After accounting for the distance‐decay of similarity, latitude still had an influence on the distribution of mtDNA diversity in birds, fishes and mammals, although this effect was only robust to rarefaction in mammals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…A recent global assessment of mammal and amphibian mtDNA diversity found evidence of reduced diversity in human-impacted regions (Miraldo et al 2016). Given the conservation-relevance of this finding, it is paramount to confirm the robustness of this pattern across spatial scales and taxa while controlling for important confounding variables such as the decay of genetic similarity with distance (Gratton et al 2017) and phylogenetic differences in mtDNA mutation rates (Nabholz et al 2009). Moreover, we are only beginning to understand how human land use is affecting levels of genetic diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 2 more Smart Citations

No consistent effects of humans on animal genetic diversity worldwide

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human impacts on genetic diversity are poorly understood yet critical to biodiversity conservation. We used 175 247 COI sequences collected between 1980 and 2016 to assess the global effects of land use and human density on the intraspecific genetic diversity of 17 082 species of birds, fishes, insects and mammals. Human impacts on mtDNA diversity were taxon and scale‐dependent, and were generally weak or non‐significant. Spatial analyses identified weak latitudinal diversity gradients as well as negative effects of human density on insect diversity, and negative effects of intensive land use on fish diversity. The observed effects were predominantly associated with species turnover. Time series analyses found nearly an equal number of positive and negative temporal trends in diversity, resulting in no net monotonic trend in diversity over this time period. Our analyses reveal critical data and theory gaps and call for increased efforts to monitor global genetic diversity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

No consistent effects of humans on animal genetic diversity worldwide

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Miraldo et al (2016) may support this expectation in finding higher mitochondrial genetic diversity (TotGenDiv) at low latitudes. However, re-analyses of their data (Gratton et al, 2017;Schluter & Pennell, 2017) showed a systematic northward bias in spatial autocorrelation and that the pattern was not consistent across species (i.e. GenPerSpp).…”

Section: Historical Framework: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous studies have found latitudinal trends for genetic diversity, where higher alpha and beta genetic diversity (equivalent to GenPerSpp and TotGenDiv, respectively) were observed at low latitudes (Adams & Hadly, ; Miraldo et al, ; Schluter & Pennell, ). Even when spatial autocorrelation (Gratton et al, ), number of DNA sequences and species identity (GenPerSpp) (Schluter & Pennell, ) were accounted for, authors found a latitudinal gradient in genetic diversity—although the slope of the relationship was very small (e.g. −0.002, Supplementary Methods in Schluter & Pennell, ).…”

Section: New Analyses Drawing From Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitudinal biodiversity gradients at three levels: Linking species richness, population richness and genetic diversity

Lawrence

Fraser

2020

Global Ecol Biogeogr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Motivation Theory describing biodiversity gradients has focused on species richness with less conceptual synthesis outlining expectations for intraspecific diversity gradients, that is, broad‐scale population richness and genetic diversity. Consequently, there is a need for a diversity–gradient synthesis that complements species richness with population richness and genetic diversity. Review methods Species and population richness are the number of different species or populations in an area, respectively. Population richness can be totalled across species, within a species or averaged across species. Genetic diversity within populations can be summed or averaged across all species in an area or be averaged across an individual species. Using these definitions, we apply historical, ecological and evolutionary frameworks of species richness gradients to formulate predictions for intraspecific diversity gradients. Review conclusions All frameworks suggest higher average population richness at high latitudes, but similar total population richness across latitudes. Predictions for genetic diversity patterns across species are not consistent across frameworks and latitudes. New analysis methods Species range size tends to increase with latitude, so we used empirical data from c. 900 vertebrate species to test hypotheses relating species range size and richness to population richness and genetic diversity. New analysis conclusions Species range size was positively associated with its population richness but not with species‐specific genetic diversity. Furthermore, a positive linear relationship was supported between species richness and total population richness, but only weakly for average population richness. Overall conclusion Through the lens of species richness theories, our synthesis identifies an uncoupling between species richness, population richness and genetic diversity in many instances due to historical and contemporary factors. Range size and taxonomic differences appear to play a large role in moderating intraspecific diversity gradients. We encourage further analyses to jointly assess diversity–gradient theory at species, population and genetic levels towards better understanding Earth’s biodiversity distribution and refining biodiversity conservation.

show abstract