Which English Should We Stand For? Voices from Lecturers in Thai Multicultural Universities

Abstract

The rapid transformation of English linguistic landscapes has introduced the world to newly emerging English varieties or World Englishes, which are not typically employed in the Inner Circle. To address the defying phenomenon, this qualitative study explored the perceptions of Thai university lecturers on World Englishes, Thai English and the feasibility of implementing World Englishes and Thai English in the classrooms. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with 15 English lecturers in 5 universities across the Thai regions. Analyzed by content analysis, findings revealed that the participants demonstrated mixed perceptions. While most of the participants viewed British and American Englishes as representations of standard English varieties and questioned the legitimacy of World Englishes and Thai English, others reportedly recognized and accepted the existence of World Englishes and considered Thai English as a tool to convey Thai identities and cultures. The findings also indicated that most participants outright disapproved of World Englishes and Thai English in teaching practices, and these varieties were substantially marginalized and devalued. However, to prepare learners for realistic use of English and increase their awareness of World Englishes and Thai English, the remaining participants suggested that English language teaching should embrace flexible linguistic conventions that allow spaces for Inner Circle, Outer Circle and Expanding Circle Englishes.

‘It Looks Weird to Me.’: Attitudes Towards Standard Usage and Variant Use in Present-Day English

“…Thus, there seems no doubt that many studies have found that Thai students and teachers have favourable attitudes to standard English forms (e.g. Boonsuk, 2021;Snodin & Young, 2015;Tarrayo et al, 2020) while being reluctant to accept non-standard linguistic features (e.g. Ploywattanawong & Trakulkasemsuk, 2014).…”

“…Empirically, language attitudes have received attention from research on English varieties in general and linguistic variations in particular. With respect to the former, many previous studies in Thailand and other expanding-circle contexts have focused on respondents' attitudes towards English varieties based on their general impressions, such as Boonsuk (2021), Boonsuk and Ambele (2019), Seyranyan and Westphal (2021), and Tarrayo et al (2020). All these studies indicate that the participants tend to prefer standard varieties of English.…”