Whey protein, amino acids, and vitamin D supplementation with physical activity increases fat-free mass and strength, functionality, and quality of life and decreases inflammation in sarcopenic elderly

Rondanelli, Mariangela; Klersy, Catherine; Terracol, Gilles; Talluri, Jacopo; Maugeri, Roberto; Guido, Davide; Faliva, Milena Anna; Solerte, Bruno; Fioravanti, Marisa; Lukaski, Henry C.; Perna, Simone

doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.113357

Cited by 319 publications

(376 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It is not possible to isolate the results of this trial to protein/leucine alone due to the added vitamin D (43); however, the impact of vitamin D on muscle mass and function appears to be minimal (45) or is restricted to older persons with deficient levels of vitamin D (i.e., less than 30 nmol/L) (46). In addition, a separate trial using a similarly formulated protein/leucine vitamin D-enriched supplement showed similar benefits (47). A meta-analysis examining the impact of leucine-based supplements concluded that sarcopenic patients taking leucine-based supplements gained LBM, but did not show gains in either grip or leg strength (48).…”

Section: Leucinementioning

confidence: 98%

Current Concepts and Unresolved Questions in Dietary Protein Requirements and Supplements in Adults

Phillips

2017

Front. Nutr.

105

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Protein needs for otherwise healthy individuals older than 19 years are defined by the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) at 0.80 g protein/kg/day. There is no recommendation in the current RDA for subpopulations of older adults or people in various pathological situations. Despite the lack of a separate recommendation, there exists a growing body of evidence that is strongly suggestive of an increased need and/or benefit for protein in older persons. That is, intakes beyond the RDA are, in older persons, associated with benefits. In addition, a number of catabolic states including critical illness also result in a sharp elevation in the needs for protein and amino acids. An underappreciated issue in protein nutrition is the impact of protein quality on clinically relevant outcomes. The introduction of a new protein scoring system—the digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS)—for protein quality has raised a forgotten awareness of protein quality. The DIAAS, which replaces the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS), is based on ileal digestibility of protein and a different test protein than PDCAAS and has values greater than 1.0. The aim of this article is a brief review and summary recommendations for protein nutrition and protein requirements in populations who would benefit from more protein than the RDA. The emphasis of the review is on muscle protein turnover, and there is a discussion of the impact of protein quality, particularly as it applies to commercially available protein sources. The evidence for more optimal protein intakes is considered in light of the potential health risks of consumption of protein at levels greater than the RDA.

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Section: Leucinementioning

confidence: 98%

Current Concepts and Unresolved Questions in Dietary Protein Requirements and Supplements in Adults

Phillips

2017

Front. Nutr.

105

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“…and found to be associated with increased overall mortality, its role in critically ill patients is not well described. Furthermore, studies showing a relationship between sarcopenia and vitamin D deficiency suggest that use of vitamin D may improve clinical outcomes of sarcopenia treatment as well as prevention of sarcopenia [52][53][54][55]. In an observational study, Braun et al investigated the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) deficiency at critical care initiation and all-cause mortalities in 1,325 critically ill patients.…”

Section: Vitamin D Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia in critically ill patients

et al. 2016

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Sarcopenia occurring as a primary consequence of aging and secondary due to certain medical problems including chronic disease, malnutrition and inactivity is a progressive generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength and function. The prevalence of sarcopenia increases with aging (approximately 5-13 % in the sixth and seventh decades). However, data showing the prevalence and clinical outcomes of sarcopenia in intensive care units (ICUs) are limited. A similar condition to sarcopenia in the ICU, called ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW), has been reported more frequently. Here, we aim to examine the importance of sarcopenia, especially ICU-AW, in ICU patients via related articles in Medline.

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“…However, the difference of SAC was greater than the value expected by postural change. We assume that the increase of physical activity and change of food at home can have an additional effect on SAC (14,15) as hospitalized patients do not move as much as they typically do at home, and their food was restricted to hospital supply. Thus, postural change, physical activity, and food can be a more powerful factor for SAC than proteinuria at home, even in CKD patients with high proteinuria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influential factors on serum albumin concentration in hospitalized chronic kidney disease patients

et al. 2017

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: Background : Serum albumin concentration (SAC) is a prognostic factor that is affected by many factors such as postural change, liver function and food intake. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients excrete proteinuria, have low-protein diet, and receive glucocorticoid therapy. No one has evaluated the most influential factors on SAC in CKD patients. Methods : A retrospective study. Hospitalized CKD patients with less than 1 g/ gCreatinine proteinuria receiving glucocorticoid therapy (n=28), with 1 or more g/gCreatinine proteinuria not receiving glucocorticoid therapy (n=36), and with 1 or more g/gCreatinine proteinuria receiving glucocorticoid therapy (n =39) were enrolled. SAC, hemoglobin, proteinuria and blood pressure at the last outpatient check-up before hospitalization, on the second day of hospitalization, at the last laboratory examination before discharge, as well as at the first outpatient follow-up after discharge were analyzed. Results : SAC decreased on the second day of hospitalization and increased at the first outpatient follow-up significantly in all groups. Unexpectedly, the change of SAC was irrelevant to the amount of proteinuria. Conclusions : SAC was affected by not only proteinuria, but also postural change, physical activity, and food in CKD patients. SAC should be analyzed by standardizing a patient's condition during phlebotomy.

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Whey protein, amino acids, and vitamin D supplementation with physical activity increases fat-free mass and strength, functionality, and quality of life and decreases inflammation in sarcopenic elderly

Cited by 319 publications

References 66 publications

Current Concepts and Unresolved Questions in Dietary Protein Requirements and Supplements in Adults

Current Concepts and Unresolved Questions in Dietary Protein Requirements and Supplements in Adults

Sarcopenia in critically ill patients

Influential factors on serum albumin concentration in hospitalized chronic kidney disease patients

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