Where do all the tablets go in 1986?

Spiller, Robin C.

doi:10.1136/gut.27.8.879

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…180 ] Oesophageal function is also affected by other factors such as body position and the co ingestion of Iiquid. [76] Oesophageal diseases causing abnormal bolus transit are usually associated with abnormal peristalsis or defective relaxation of the lower oesophageal sphincter (fig. 2).…”

Section: Oesophagusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic Considerations in Gastrointestinal Motor Disorders

Hebbard

Sun

Bochner

et al. 1995

Clinical Pharmacokinetics

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Although it has been recognised that alterations in gastrointestinal motility, whether induced by physiological or pathological processes, have significant effects on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs, this subject has received inappropriately little attention. Studies relating to this topic have focused on healthy volunteers and animals and have largely been confined to the effects of single drug doses. There is limited information about the effects of disease on pharmacokinetics under steady-state conditions. Changes in gastrointestinal motility may affect the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs by altering the rate of delivery, bioavailability or mucosal absorption of the drug. In general the rate of absorption and time taken to achieve maximal plasma concentrations for well absorbed drugs may be modified by changes in gastrointestinal motility, but overall bioavailability is not usually affected. In these cases the therapeutic and clinical effects of the alteration in pharmacokinetics will, therefore, depend on which parameters are important for the action of the drug. For poorly absorbed drugs both the rate of absorption and bioavailability are likely to be altered by changes in gastrointestinal motility. However, the complex effects of food and disease, as well as the properties and formulation of any drug (solubility, ease of dispersion, delayed release formulation) often make the prediction of the magnitude, or even the direction, of any effect difficult to predict. Drugs with direct effects on gastrointestinal motility may influence their own patterns of absorption. In patients with gastrointestinal motility disorders, drugs administered in a controlled release formulation, or those with poor bioavailability, are most likely to have a poorly predictable therapeutic effect. Care should be taken to ensure that the formulation of the drug, its timing of administration in relation to meals and the use of coadministered drugs optimise, or at least ensure consistent absorption.

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Section: Oesophagusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic Considerations in Gastrointestinal Motor Disorders

Hebbard

Sun

Bochner

et al. 1995

Clinical Pharmacokinetics

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“…Gastric emptying of indigestible solids and medications has only recently received much attention. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The postprandial stomach is able to distinguish between liquids and solids and sieves its contents so as to retain solids until they have been ground to particles 2 mm or less in diameter and dispersed within the gastric chyme.' Large undigestible solids, such as pieces of celery or enteric-coated tablets, are often retained in the stomach until long after the meal when the interdigestive migrating motor complex acts as a housekeeper and sweeps them out.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

What Happens to Tablets and Capsules in the Stomach: Endoscopic Comparison of Disintegration and Dispersion Characteristics of Two Microencapsulated Potassium Formulations

Graham

Smith

Bouvet³

1990

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…This complexity is because drug absorption via the gastrointestinal (GI) tract depends not only on factors related to the drug and its formulation, but also on the contents of the stomach and stomach motility and the associated fluid dynamics. Administration of oral dosage forms with food in particular, has the potential to affect drug bioavailability due to the dynamic physiological environment of the fed stomach ( Spiller, 1986 ; Koziolek et al, 2016 ). Pressure and shear forces induced by stomach contractions and buoyancy effects can generate complex pill trajectories and varying rates of dissolution and non-uniform emptying of the drug into the duodenum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Modeling of Drug Dissolution in the Human Stomach

Seo

Mittal

2022

Front. Physiol.

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A computational model of drug dissolution in the human stomach is developed to investigate the interaction between gastric flow and orally administrated drug in the form of a solid tablet. The stomach model is derived from the anatomical imaging data and the motion and dissolution of the drug in the stomach are modeled via fluid-structure interaction combined with mass transport simulations. The effects of gastric motility and the associated fluid dynamics on the dissolution characteristics are investigated. Two different pill densities are considered to study the effects of the gastric flow as well as the gravitational force on the motion of the pill. The average mass transfer coefficient and the spatial distributions of the dissolved drug concentration are analyzed in detail. The results show that the retropulsive jet and recirculating flow in the antrum generated by the antral contraction wave play an important role in the motion of the pill as well as the transport and mixing of the dissolved drug concentration. It is also found that the gastric flow can increase the dissolution mass flux, especially when there is substantial relative motion between the gastric flow and the pill.

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Where do all the tablets go in 1986?

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Pharmacokinetic Considerations in Gastrointestinal Motor Disorders

Pharmacokinetic Considerations in Gastrointestinal Motor Disorders

What Happens to Tablets and Capsules in the Stomach: Endoscopic Comparison of Disintegration and Dispersion Characteristics of Two Microencapsulated Potassium Formulations

Computational Modeling of Drug Dissolution in the Human Stomach

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