Computational Modeling of Drug Dissolution in the Human Stomach

Seo, Jong Hyun; Mittal, Rajat

doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.755997

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A stabilized bi-conjugate gradient method is used to solve the pressure Poisson equation. More details on the numerical methodology and grid convergence study can be found in earlier works 8,33 .…”

Section: B Fluid Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Antral Motility on Food Hydrolysis and Gastric Emptying from the Stomach: Insights from Computational Models

Kuhar¹,

Lee²,

Seo³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The peristaltic motion of the stomach walls combines with the secretion of enzymes to initiate the process that breaks down food. Computational modelling of this phenomenon can help reveal the details that would be hard to capture via in-vivo or in-vitro means. In this study, the digestion of a liquid meal containing protein is simulated in a human-stomach model based on imaging data. Pepsin, the gastric enzyme for protein hydrolysis, is secreted from the proximal region of the stomach walls and allowed to react with the contents of the stomach. The jet velocities, the emptying rate, and the extent of hydrolysis are quantified for a control case, and also for three other cases of reduced motility with varying peristaltic amplitudes. The findings quantify the effect of motility on the rate of food breakdown and emptying, and correlate the observations with the mixing in the stomach induced by the antral contraction waves.

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Section: B Fluid Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How does this mixing, hydrolysis and emptying change with variations in gastric motility? In the past, our model has been used to study oral pill dissolution and API delivery into the intestines 8,33 . Here, we use it to model the hydrolysis of a liquid meal containing protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Antral Motility on Food Hydrolysis and Gastric Emptying from the Stomach: Insights from Computational Models

Kuhar¹,

Lee²,

Seo³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…In this study, we use a high-fidelity computational model of the human stomach called ‘StomachSim’ [ 35 , 36 ] to investigate these different gastroparesis phenotypes and the effect of pyloric intervention procedures on restoring gastric emptying. We mimic a healthy case, and two gastroparesis phenotypes—one due to hypomotility and the other due to decreased gastric tone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then investigate the differences in the flow and emptying of the contents before and after pyloric intervention, referred to as pre- and post-operative cases, respectively. In the past, we have used StomachSim to examine the effects of gastroparesis on the dissolution of an oral pill [ 35 , 36 ] and on the hydrolysis of a liquid meal [ 34 ]. In this study, we model the changes in gastric flow phenomenon for gastroparesis cases before and after pyloric intervention procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico modelling of the effect of pyloric intervention procedures on gastric flow and emptying in a stomach with gastroparesis

Kuhar,

Seo,

Pasricha

et al. 2024

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Pyloric interventions are surgical procedures employed to increase the gastric emptying rate in gastroparesis patients. In this study, we use an in silico model to investigate the consequences of pyloric intervention on gastric flow and emptying for two phenotypes of gastroparesis: antral hypomotility and decreased gastric tone. The transpyloric pressure gradient predicted by the in silico model, based on viscous fluid flow equations, is compared against in vivo measurements. Both phenotypes exhibit a similar pre-procedural emptying rate reduction, but after pyloric surgery, antral hypomotility case with preserved gastric tone shows significant improvements in emptying rates, up to 131%, accompanied by bile reflux from the duodenum into the stomach. Conversely, severely reduced gastric tone cases exhibited a post-procedural reduction in the net emptying rate due to the relatively larger bile reflux. In cases with a combination of antral hypomotility and reduced gastric tone, post-procedural improvements were observed only when both conditions were mild. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of the relative increase in pyloric orifice diameter in determining post-operative emptying rates. The study suggests a possible explanation for the selective response of patients toward these procedures and underscores the potential of in silico modelling to generate valuable insights to inform gastric surgery.

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“…Nevertheless, the physical properties and geometry of the upper digestive tract motion play a critical role in gastric emptying. Moreover, studies revealed that flow field and the mechanical pattern had a great relationship with the mixing, flow, and emptying of food or drugs in the stomach (Pal et al, 2004;Ferrua and Singh, 2010;Acharya et al, 2021;Li et al, 2021;Seo and Mittal, 2021). Pal constructed an actual gastric geometric model based on magnetic resonance imaging and analyzed the effects of antral contraction waves on the movement, pressure and mixing of content through computational fluid dynamics (Pal et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric emptying performance of stomach-partitioning gastrojejunostomy versus conventional gastrojejunostomy for treating gastric outlet obstruction: A retrospective clinical and numerical simulation study

Zhang

Xu²,

Zheng³

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Purpose: This study evaluated the gastric emptying performance of stomach-partitioning gastrojejunostomy (SPGJ) versus conventional gastrojejunostomy (CGJ) for treating gastric outlet obstruction (GOO).Methods: First, 73 patients who underwent SPGJ (n = 48) or CGJ (n = 25) were involved. Surgical outcomes, postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function, delayed gastric emptying, and nutritional status of both groups were compared. Second, a three-dimensional stomach model was constructed based on the gastric filling CT images from a GOO patient with a standard stature. The present study evaluated SPGJ numerically by comparing it with CGJ in terms of local flow parameters such as flow velocity, pressure, particle retention time, and particle retention velocity.Results: Clinical data found that SPGJ had significant advantages over CGJ in terms of time to pass gas (3 versus 4 days, p < 0.001), time to oral intake (3 versus 4 days, p = 0.001), postoperative hospitalization (7 versus 9 days, p < 0.001), the incidence of delay gastric emptying (DGE) (2.1% versus 36%, p < 0.001), DGE grading (p < 0.001), and complications (p < 0.001) for GOO patients. Moreover, numerical simulation revealed that the SPGJ model would induce contents in stomach discharge to the anastomosis at a higher speed, and only 5% of that flowed to the pylorus. SPGJ model also had a low-pressure drop as the flow from the lower esophagus to the jejunum, reducing the resistance to food discharge. Besides, the average retention time of particles in the CGJ model is 1.5 times longer than that in the SPGJ models, and the average instantaneous velocity in CGJ and SPGJ models are 22 mm/s and 29 mm/s, respectively.Conclusion: Compared with CGJ, patients after SPGJ had better gastric emptying performance and better postoperative clinical efficacy. Therefore, we think that SPGJ may be a better option for treating GOO.

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Computational Modeling of Drug Dissolution in the Human Stomach

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Effect of Antral Motility on Food Hydrolysis and Gastric Emptying from the Stomach: Insights from Computational Models

Effect of Antral Motility on Food Hydrolysis and Gastric Emptying from the Stomach: Insights from Computational Models

In silico modelling of the effect of pyloric intervention procedures on gastric flow and emptying in a stomach with gastroparesis

Gastric emptying performance of stomach-partitioning gastrojejunostomy versus conventional gastrojejunostomy for treating gastric outlet obstruction: A retrospective clinical and numerical simulation study

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